Chlorine grades available

Parion Chlorinated rubber, available in various viscosities and grades. ... 

The IISRP listings also include two crosslinked, one brominated and two chlorinated grades of butyl rubber, but three additional grades of halobutyl rubber have become commercially available since the listings were compiled. 

Several commercial grades are available fine crystals of 99 to 100% purity, large crystals, pressed lumps, rods, and granular material. Double-Decomposition Methods. Double-decomposition processes all iavolve the reaction of sodium chloride, the cheapest chlorine source, with an ammonium salt. The latter may be suppHed directiy, or generated in situ by the reaction of ammonia and a supplementary iagredient. Ammonium chloride and a sodium salt are formed. The sodium salt is typically less soluble and is separated at higher temperatures ammonium chloride is recovered from the filtrate by cooling. 

Chlorinated paraffins vary in their physical form from free-flowing mobile Hquids to highly viscous glassy materials. Chlorination of paraffin wax (C24—C30) to 70% chlorine and above yields the only soHd grades. Physical properties of some commercially available chlorinated paraffins are Hsted in Table 1. 

Acrylated rubber These are based on styrene butadiene and have become commercially available only relatively recently. They are manufactured in several grades but most have the advantage over other materials in this class of being based on white spirit solvent rather than the stronger and more obnoxious xylol. In other respects, they are similar to chlorinated rubber and cost approximately the same, although they are easier to airless spray and the dried film contains less pores. They are considered to have superior weather resistance to chlorinated rubber and vinyl. 

Polystyrene is an inexpensive transparent plastic which is often used in industry for the fabrication of parts by injection moulding. However, the tougher acrylic plastics are preferable for the construction of laboratory apparatus. Polystyrene is soluble in many organic liquids and, if strain free, may be solvent-bonded by the use of chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzene, or toluene. Special impact-resistant grades are available which are less susceptible to solvents and thus a little harder to solvent-bond than the conventional material. Polystyrene also may be welded. 

The inclusion of the relatively large chlorine into the polymeric chain reduces the tendency to crystallize. Commercially available grades include a homopolymer, which is mainly used for special applications, and copolymers with small amounts (less than 5%) of vinylidene fluoride.84 The products are supplied as powder, pellets, pellets containing 15% glass liber, and dispersions. Low-molecular-weight polymer is available as oil or grease. The oil is used to plasticize PCTFE.85... 

Hydrochlorous acid has the highest disinfecting capability of the 3 species it is 100 times more active than hypochlorite ion.11 Chlorine gas contains 100% available chlorine (hydochlorous acid) while industrial-grade bleach has about 12% -15% available chlorine. 

PS is soluble in most aromatic and chlorinated solvents but insoluble in such alcohols as methanol, ethanol, normal heptane, and acetone. Most fluids in households, as well as drinks and foods, have no effect, but the oil in citrus-fruit rinds, gasoline, turpentine, and lacquer attack PS. PSs are available in FDA-approved grades. 

Grade Commercial (70%), high purity (99.2% available chlorine as calcium hypochlorite). 

Several thermoplastic and elastomeric grades of the polymer are available, having different molecular weights and chlorine content. The elastomeric grades of the polymer contain 36 to 48% chlorine and have only a slight residual crystallinity. 

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