Chlorination mechanism

What probably happens in the oxychlorination process is that chlorine is formed in situ. The reaction of hydrogen chloride and oxygen to give chlorine and water was discovered by Deacon in 1858. Once the chlorine is formed, it then adds to ethylene as in the direct chlorination mechanism. Cu ... 

The gas phase isomerisation of substituted halobenzenes occurs readily on zeolites. Similarities appear with the same reaction catalyzed by AlClj in the homogeneous phase, in particular the applicability of the Hammett equation. However, several differences stand in the mechanism and the reaction scheme. Part of the transformation of halobenzenes occurs by means of a radical dechlorination/chlorination mechanism. For the same reasons the formal reaction follows a triangular scheme which differs from the consecutive scheme occuring in the liquid phase. Moreover, selectivity can be strongly affected by the restriction to diffusion in the porous volume of the solid. 

Addition of chlorine atoms to ethylene and chloroethylenes has been extensively investigated. Some work has also been done on termal chlorination of propylene and butene at higher temperatures. The references and the elementary reactions postulated have been listed by Steacie (97). The mechanism generally assumed is the well known chain chlorination mechanism. When the initiation is photochemical, this comprises the following reactions... 

By analogy with the chlorination mechanism, in which we assume a chain reaction, Boord also suggests another chain mechanism with repeating links. He assumes that nitric acid undergoes decomposition at a high temperature to form nitric anhydride ... 

Bromination of alkanes follows the same mechanism as chlorination, mechanism for the monobromination of ethane... 

Chloramphenicol was among the first chlorinated mechanism-based P450 inactivators shown... 

Literature on electrochemical chlorination of organic compounds was exhaustive represented in monograph, published recently [2]. Possible ethylene chlorination mechanism in concentrated hydrochloric acid solutions that results in producing 1,2-diohloroethane was also discussed there in detail. 

Norwood D.L., Christman R.F. (1987), Structural characterisation of aquatic humic material. 2. Phenolic content and its relationship to chlorination mechanism in an isolated aquatic fulvic acid,... 

This complex can be attacked by an aromatic ring, much like we saw during chlorination (Mechanism 19.2). Although a Friedel-Crafts alkylation is effective when ethyl chloride is... 

In vitro mechanistic studies with bacteria and mammalian cells have led to various theories for the chlorine mechanism of action, including direct interaction of... 

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