Chlorinated toluenes

It is prepared by fully chlorinating toluene. When heated with water at 100°C, or with lime, benzoic acid is obtained, benzoyl The group PhC(O)-. 

Chlorinated paraffins. Chlorinated ben2enes. Ring-chlorinated toluenes. Benzyl chloride. 

Mono- and dichlorotoluenes ate used chiefly as chemical iatermediates ia the manufacture of pesticides, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and peroxides, and as solvents. Total annual production was limited prior to 1960 but has expanded greatly siace that time. Chlorinated toluenes ate produced ia the United States, Germany, Japan, and Italy. Siace the number of manufacturers is small and much of the production is utilised captively, statistics covering production quantities ate not available. Worldwide annual production of o- and -chlorotoluene is estimated at several tens of thousands of metric tons. Yearly productions of polychlorotoluene ate ia the range of 100—1000 tons. 

Ring-Chlorinated Toluenes" under "Chlorocarbons, Chlorohydrocarbons" in ECT3rd ed., Vol. 5, pp. 819—827, by S. Gelfand, Hooker Chemical Plastics Corp. 

Table 3. Toxicology of Side-Chain Chlorinated Toluenes...

Ring-Substituted Derivatives The ring-chlorinated derivatives of benzyl chloride, benzal chloride, and benzotrichloride are produced by the direct side-chain chlorination of the corresponding chlorinated toluenes or by one of several indirect routes if the required chlorotoluene is not readily available. Physical constants of the main ring-chlorinated derivatives of benzyl chloride, benzal chloride, and benzotrichloride are given in Table 4. 

Chlorinated toluenes are not large-volume chemicals, hut they are precursors for many synthetic chemicals and pharmaceuticals. 

The lARC has determined that combined exposures to a-chlorinated toluenes (which include benzotrichloride) are probably carcinogenic to humans. There is sufficient evidence that benzotrichloride is carcinogenic in experimental animals. 

Benzal chloride see also a-Chlorinated toluenes and benzoyl chloride) Benz[a]anthracene... 

The chemical processes associated with the manufacture of chlorinated toluenes are summarized in Figure 1. 

Small cohort studies of occupational exposures to a-chlorinated toluenes and benzoyl... 

Table 1. Genetic and related effects of chlorinated toluenes and benzoyl chloride... 

Sorahan, T. Cathcart, M. (1989) Lung cancer mortality among workers in a factory manufacturing chlorinated toluenes 1961-84. Br. J. ind. Med., 46, 425-427... 

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