Chlorinated pesticides arctic

Borga, K., Hop, H., and Skaare, J.U. et al. (2007). Selective bioaccumulation of chlorinated pesticides and metabohtes in Arctic seabirds. Environmental Pollution 145, 545-553. 

Borga, K. Bidleman, T.R, Enantiomer fractions of organic chlorinated pesticides in Arctic marine ice fauna, zooplankton, and benthos Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 3464—3473. 

CMorinated pesticides enter the atmosphere primarily through spray drift during application, wind-blown dusts, and volatilization from treated surfaces. Heavy use of chlorinated pesticides generally means that spray drift is the most important means of entry to the atmosphere. In general, application by airplane results in more drift than application by ground equipment, and dusts drift more than sprays. For example, ZDDT particles measuring 2 /rni in diameter drifted about 35 km compared to 70 m for 50 jum droplets (Spencer, 1975). Wind-blown dusts are the most important source of entry to the atmosphere in areas where the use of chlorinated pesticides is either limited or curtailed. The dust source category will continue to contribute substantially to the world-wide redistribution of pesticides, particularly DDT and its derivatives, for many years to come. This partially accounts for the presence of detectable levels of pesticides in the sediments of remote Arctic lakes. 

Hargrave, B.T., W.P. Vass, P.E. Erickson, and B.R. Fowler. 1989. Distribution of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticides and PCBs in the Arctic Ocean. Canad. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. No. 1644. Dept. Fisheries and Oceans, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. Ill pp. 

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