Chloramphenicol drug interactions

Steinfort CL, McConachy KA. Cyclosporin-chloramphenicol drug interaction in a heart-lung... 

Plasma phenytoin concentrations are increased in the presence of chloramphenicol, disulfiram, and isoniazid, since the latter drugs inhibit the hepatic metabolism of phenytoin. A reduction in phenytoin dose can alleviate the consequences of these drug-drug interactions. 

Drug interactions NSAIDs Salicylates Sulfonamides Chloramphenicol Probenecid Coumarins MAO inhibitors Beta-blockers Thiazides and other diuretics Corticosteroids Phenothiazines Thyroid products Estrogens Oral contraceptives Phenytoin Nicotinic acid Sympathomimetic Calcium channel blockers Isoniazid Miconazole... 

Examples of some drugs whose activity is increased in liver disease include oral anticoagulants, metformin, chloramphenicol, NSAIDs and sulphonylureas. It is well known that drugs such as opioids should be used in reduced dosage in patients with hepatic dysfunction doses need to be titrated, Therefore, if adverse drug interactions with opioids occur in patients with liver dysfunction, the consequences such as respiratory depression could be life-threatening,... 

Taber DJ, Dupuis RE, Hollar KD, Strzalka AL, Johnson MW. Drug-drug interaction between chloramphenicol and tacrohmus in a hver transplant recipient. Transplant Proc 2000 32(3) 660-2. 

Tobin T, Blake J W, Valentine R W 1977 Drug interactions in the horse effects of chloramphenicol, quinidine and oxyphenbutazone on phenylbutazone metabolism. American Journal of Veterinary Research 38 123-127... 

Drug Interactions. Phenobarbital is a potent enzyme inducer and may increase the elimination of any drug metabolized by CYP450-or UGT-mediated metabolism. Valproic acid, phenytoin, felbamate, cimetidine, and chloramphenicol inhibit phenobarbital metabolism, necessitating a decrease in dose. Ethanol increases the metabolism of phenobarbital. ... 

Another point that has defied explanation is this SM is bacteriocidal only during periods of high rates of protein synthesis. Thus other protein inhibitors such as tetracyclines or chloramphenicol should interfere with its action, yet this theoretical drug interaction is not necessarily clinically contraindicated. In fact, a combination of streptomycin and tetracycline is the treatment of choice for glanders and brucellosis. 

DRUG INTERACTIONS Chloramphenicol inhibits hepatic CYPs and thereby prolongs the half-hves of CYP substrates, including coumadin, phenytoin, chlorpropamide, HIV protease inhibitors, rifabutin, and tolbutamide. Severe toxicity and death have occurred due to these drug interactions. Concurrent administration ofphenobarbital or rifampin, which potently induce CYPs, shortens chloramphenicors t j and may result in subtherapeutic drug concentrations. 

Drug interactions Chloramphenicol inhibits the metabolism of several drugs, including phenytoin, coumarins, and tolbutamide. 

Bloxham RA, Durbin GM, Johnson T, Winterbom MH. Chloramphenicol and phenobarbi-tone—a drug interaction. Arch Dis Child (1979) 54,16-1. 

Greenlaw CW. Chloramphenicol-phenytoin drug interaction. Drug Intell Clin Pharm (1979) 13,609-10. 

The preferred substrates of acetyltransferases are amino-groups of antibiotics, like chloramphenicol, strepto-gramin derivatives, and the various aminoglycosides. The modification is believed to block a functional group involved in the drug-target-interaction. All acetyltransferases use acetyl-coenzyme A as cofactor. 

Monitoring Monitoring serum levels is important because of the variability of chloramphenicol s pharmacokinetics. Monitor serum concentrations weekly monitor more often in patients with hepatic dysfunction, in therapy more than 2 weeks, or with potentially interacting drugs. 

Drugs that may interact with zalcitabine include antacids, chloramphenicol, cisplatin, dapsone, didanosine, disulfiram, ethionamide, glutethimide, gold, hydralazine, iodoquinol, isoniazid, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, phenytoin, ribavirin, vincristine, cimetidine, metoclopramide, amphotericin, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, antiretroviral nucleoside analogs, pentamidine, and probenecid. 

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