Chewing sequence

Fig 4. EMG profiles for the first chew in chewing sequences aligned with corresponding force deformation diagrams. Top traces Lincoln biscuit (1/4 circle, Lincoln, McVities), middle traces salami (1 cm x 0.5 dia Pepperami, Mattessons Ltd), bottom traces raw carrot. EMG axes as in Fig 2. Note differences in deformation for different foods. 

Fig 5. EMG profiles for chews at the middle and end of the chewing sequences for Lincoln biscuit (top traces), salami (middle traces) and raw carrot (bottom traces). For axes see legend for Fig 4 Note chew numbers indicating length of chewing sequences for the foods. 

We can determine what features of the chewing sequence influence assessment of particular textural characteristics of food by using this approach to examine the interaction between food and consumer during the mastication process. We should then be able to develop mathematical models for perception of textural qualities which take into account different texture combinations (for example, assessment of hardness in both elastic and brittle foods), and different breakdown patterns. Although currently at an early stage, mastication analysis shows promise for enhancing our measurement of perceived texture in foods. 

Other techniques available for linearization of the original electromagnetic integral equation are based on transforming this nonlinear problem to a sequence of linear problems. Two common iterative schemes are the Born iterative and distorted-Born iterative methods (Chew, 1990). 

Edmondson L, Lindsay SL, Lanigan LP, Woods M, Chew HE. Intra-ocular pressure changes during rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia. A comparison between thiopentone and suxamethonium and thiopentone and atracurium. Anaesthesia 1988 43(12) 1005-10. 

F Chew, S Gronert, CB LebrUla. Preliminary studies of the reactions of peptide dianions in a mass spectrometer applications for sequencing. Proceedings of the 47th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Dallas, TX, 1999. 

Relatively little information is available on CheW. It is apparently a scaffolding protein that couples CheA to the MCPs [255, 256, 424, 425, 493, 635]. (Note, however, that CheA can apparently be also coupled to the MCPs directly [424].) CheW may also be involved in controlling the rate of CheA autophosphorylation and phosphotransfer to CheY [122, 123, 541]. Based on a consensus sequence, CheW may have a nucleotidebinding site [697], but none has thus far been demonstrated. 

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