Chest pain angina

Heart disease People with heart disease, particularly those who have recurrent chest pain (angina) or who recently suffered a heart attack, should take niacin only under the supervision of a health care provider. 

Another point to notice in Table 7.5 is nicotine s autonomic effects, particularly on the cardiovascular system. The stimulation of the heart and its resultant increased demands for oxygen underlie the association of nicotine and heart disease. In this regard, a less than adequate supply of oxygen to the heart may result in chest pain (angina) or a heart attack (Julien, 2005). 

Ml occurs when the supply of blood to the coroniu muscle is reduced below a critical value, usually as a result of atheromatous plaque rupture tind overlying thrombosis. This may be presaged by less catastrophic episodes of chest pain (angina pectoris) due to reduction of coronary perfusion caused by the narrowing of the arteries by atheromatous plaque ( Fig. 1). 

Nitroglycerin, in tablet form, is often given to patients with coronary artery disease who experience ischemia-induced chest pain (angina). The nitroglycerin decomposes in the blood, forming NO, a potent vasodilator, which increases blood flow to the heart and relieves the angina. 

Cardiovascular Cardiac toxicity is uncommon. However, chest pain, angina, myocardial infarction, and atrial fibrillation have been reported and occur typically during the first week of treatment [99, 100 , 101 ]. 

Ironically, toward the end of his life, Nobel developed heart-disease related chest pain (angina pectoris) and was directed by his physician to take nitroglycerin orally, which Nobel refused to do. Glyceryl trinitrate, the name used by the medical community per-... 

Angina/chest pain Megaloblastic anemia Bladder dysfunction... 

As apart of Hie ongoing assessment, Hie nurse monitors the patient for Hie frequency and severity of any episodes of angina pain. With treatment, episodes of angina should be eliminated or decrease in frequency and severity. The nurse should report to Hie primary health care provider any chest pain that does not respond to three doses of nitroglycerin given every 5 minutes for 15 minutes. 

Ms. Moore is admitted with severe chest pain and a possible myocardial infarction. After tests are done, her primary health care provider prescribes transdermal nitroglycerin for her angina. Develop a teaching plan that will show Ms. Moore how and when to apply the transdermal form of nitroglycerin. 

We examined the effects of selective activation of histamine Hj receptors on coronary hemodynamics in two groups patients with atypical chest pain and normal coronary arteries, and patients with vasospastic angina [48]. Selective Hj receptor stimulation was achieved by infusing histamine intravenously (0.5 pg/kg/min) for 5 min after pretreatment with cimetidine to antagonize the H2 receptors. Heart rate was kept constant (100 beats/min) by coronary sinus pacing. 

C = Chest pain. The presence of chest pain may indicate pulmonary embolism, angina, or myocardial infarction. 

A 1,4-dihydropyridine having coronary vasodilatory activity and, therefore, intended for relief of the intense chest pains of angina pectoris is nifedipine (34). Using a portion of the classical Hantzsch pyridine synthesis, condensation of two moles of... 

Referred pain is felt in a part of the body different from the actual tissue causing the pain. Typically, the pain is initiated in a visceral organ or tissue and referred to an area of the body surface. Classic examples of referred pain include headache and angina. Interestingly, the brain does not contain nociceptors therefore, pain perceived as a headache originates in other tissues, such as the eyes sinuses muscles of the head and neck and meninges. Angina, or chest pain, is caused by coronary ischemia. It may be accompanied by pain referred to the neck, left shoulder, and left arm. 

Atypical symptoms include nonailergic asthma, chronic cough, hoarseness, pharyngitis, dental erosions, and chest pain that mimics angina. 

Beta-blockers are medications that reduce the workload of the heart and lower blood pressure. They are commonly prescribed to relieve angina (a type of chest pain, pressure, or discomfort) or treat heart failure. They also are prescribed for people who have high blood pressure (hypertension). Several beta-blockers (metoprolol, propanolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, and nadolol) have been detected in municipal sewage effluents up to the pg/L level (Temes 1998) and in groundwater samples (Sacher et al. 2001). 

Palytoxin is a complex marine natural product containing 71 stereochemical elements (Fig. 5). The structure of PTX was elucidated by Moore. PTX is isolated from a zoanthid (order Zoanthidea) a type of soft coral commonly found in coral reefs all around the world. These animals come in a variety of different colonizing formations and in numerous colors. They can be found as individual polyps, attached by a fleshy stolon or a mat that can be created from pieces of sediment, sand and rock (soft coral). PTX is considered to be one of the most toxic nonpeptide substances known, second only to Maitotoxin. Typical symptoms of palytoxin poisoning are angina-like chest pains, asthma-like breathing difficulties, tachycardia, unstable blood pressure, hemolysis (destruction of red blood... 

Coronary artery disease Due to the vasodilatory effect of dipyridamole, use with caution in patients with severe coronary artery disease (eg, unstable angina, recently sustained Ml). Chest pain may be aggravated in patients with underlying coronary artery disease who are receiving dipyridamole. For stroke or transient ischemic attack patients for whom aspirin is indicated to prevent recurrent Ml or angina pectoris, the aspirin in this product may not provide adequate treatment for the cardiac indications. 

Most adverse effects are mild and transient and rarely require withdrawal of therapy. Cardiovascuiar Bradycardia torsade de pointes and other serious new ventricular arrhythmias chest pain hypertension hypotension peripheral ischemia pallor flushing worsening of angina and arterial insufficiency shortness of breath ... 

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