Chemo-enzymic synthesis

Q. B. Broxterman, W.).). Van den Tweel, and J. Kamphuis, Chemo-enzymic synthesis of amino adds and derivatives, Pure Appl. Chem. 1992, 64, 1171-1175. 

P. J. Reider and E. J. J. Grabowski, Synthesis of chiral dithio-acetals a chemo-enzymic synthesis of a novel LTD4 antagonist,/. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 1787-1788. D. L. Hughes, J. J. Bergan, J. S. Amato,... 

Fig. 11. Chemo-enzymic synthesis of the sialyl Le sequence [541]. NMK, nucleoside-monophosphate kinase PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate PK, pyruvate kinase PPase, inorganic phosphatase Pi, phosphate PPi, pyrophosphate PYR, pyruvate TADH, Thermoanaerobium broddi alcohol dehydrogenase.

A review on the enzymic and chemo-enzymic synthesis of carbohydrates includes the preparation of thio-sugars by use of aldolase-catalysed condensations. ... 

Akiyama, K., K. Kawazu, and A. Kobayashi. 1995. A novel method for chemo-enzymic synthesis of elicitor-active chitosan oligomers and partially A-deacetylated chitin oligomers nsing A-acylated chitotrio-ses as substrates in a lysozyme-catalyzed transglycosylation reaction system. Carbohydr. Res. 279 151-160. 

US Department of Energy. 1999. The Technology Roadmap for Plant /Crop-Based Renewable Resources 2020. wwwl.eere.energy.gov/biomass/pdfs/technology roadmap.pdf (accessed 17 December 2010). VaUvety R, Jauregi P, GiU 1 Vulfson E. 1997. Chemo-enzymic synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants. 

Murakami, M., Ikeda, K., and Achiwa, K., Chemo-enzymic synthesis of neuraminic acid analogs structurally varied at C-5 and C-9 as jxjtential inhibitors of the sialidase from influenza virus. Carbohydr. Res. 1996,280 (1), 101-110. 

Fig. 10 Enzyme-catalysed formation of chiral monoacetate synthons from meso-diacetate or meso-diol for chemo-enzymatic synthesis of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids...

More effort was therefore invested in the application of synthetic methodologies for these alkaloids and some straightforward chemo-enzymatic approaches were recently developed [150]. An enzyme-catalysed aldol reaction was again a crucial step in that synthetic route and is strongly reminiscent of Wong s research strategy relating to the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of pyrrolizidines mentioned earlier. 

For the described approach, it is important to note that aldolases of different origin were tested and that, in contrast to L-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (RhuA), the D-fructose-1,6-biphosphate aldolase from rabbit muscle and L-fucu-lose-1-phosphate aldolase from E. coli were not active for DHAP/(R)-N- and (S)-iV-Cbz-prolinal condensation. Since RhuA accepts both, (S)-N- and (R)-N-Cbz prolinals, the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of both, hyacinthacines A and A2 isomers could be achieved. In conclusion, the origin and the particular enzyme itself... 

Recent trends in glycochemistry are presented in three parts synthesis, principles and applications. The first six chapters provide a comprehensive, up-to-date review on the chemical synthesis of complex carbohydrates for their potential use in biological systems. The following seven chapters reveal some fundamental principles that are used to design and exploit carbohydrates for their effects in biological settings. The remaining five chapters examine the applicability of enzymes towards the chemo-enzymatic synthesis and modification of carbohydrates and polysaccharides. 

Mai C, Schormann W, Huttermann A et al (2002) The influence of laccase on the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of lignin graft-copolymers. Enzyme Microbial Technol 30 66—72... 

Adamiak, K., Anders, T., Henze, M., Keul, H., Moller, M., and Elling, L. (2012) Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of functionalized oligomers of N-acetyllactosamine glycan derivatives and their immobilization on biomaterial surfaces, f. Mol. Catal. B Enzym., 84, 108-114. 

Berger, E.G., Elling, L., Wandrey, C., and Uese, A. (2001) Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of the Galili epitope Gal(alpha)(l->3)Galbeta(l->4)GlcNAc on a homogeneously soluble PEG polymer by a multi-enzyme system. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 11, 2503-2506. 

The enzyme was used in a chemo-enzymatic synthesis toward the... 

Hammerschmidt F, Lindner W, Wuggenig F, Zarbl E. Enzymes in organic chemistry. Part 10. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of L-phosphaserine and L-phosphaisoserine and enantioseparation of amino-hydroxyethylphosphonic acids by non-aqueous capdlary electrophoresis with quinine carbamate as chiral ion pair agent. Tetrahedron Asymm. 2000 11 2955-2964. 

This book examines the use of different classes of enzymes in catalysis of different types of chemical reactions to generate chiral molecules useful in chemo-enzymatic synthesis of pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food products. Chapters are written by world-renowned scientists who are experts in their areas. 

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