Chemistry of Aromatic Compounds

This chapter of the book describes the chemistry of the aromatic 

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Poly(para-phenylene)s PPPs and other polyarylenes represent structure-classes of conjugated polyhydrocarbons which are currently under intensive investigation [7]. This, in turn, is the result of important advances that have been made in the chemistry of aromatic compounds in recent years. 

Oyler, A.R., Llukkonen, R.J., Lukasewycz, M.T., Heikkila, K.E., Cox, D.A., and Carlson, R.M. Chlorine disinfection chemistry of aromatic compounds. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons rates, products, and mechanisms. Environ. Sci. Technol, 17(6) 334-342, 1983. 

Radical substitution plays a part in the thermal chemistry of aromatic compounds, but not in the photochemistry, except in so far as many radicals that attack aromatic compounds are generated by photochemical methods from other addends. The reason for this is that reactive radicals exist only in low concentrations, and electronically excited states similarly are formed only in low concentrations the rate of bimolecular reaction between two such reactive species is generally much lower than the rates of alternative processes such as attack of the radical on ground-state aromatic compounds. 

Obviously, any study of the chemistry of aromatic compounds must begin with a study of benzene. Benzene is unique in that the bonds between the carbon atoms in benzene do not seem to follow the theory of covalent bonds we have developed so far. 

New Trends in the Chemistry of Aromatic Compounds with Fluorine-Containing Substituents ... 

L. F. and M. Fieser, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 1961, Chapters 16-26. The quintessence of experts in the area of aromatic chemistry magnificent descriptive chemistry of aromatic compounds. 

Innovations in the chemistry of aromatic compounds have occurred by recent development of many novel reactions of aryl halides or pseudohalides catalysed or promoted by transition metal complexes. Pd-catalysed reactions are the most important [2,29], The first reaction step is generation of the arylpalladium halide by oxidative addition of halide to Pd(0). Formation of phenylpalladium complex 1 as an intermediate from various benzene derivatives is summarized in Scheme 3.1. 

In summary the results observed in these studies [160] of poly(Sty-co-DVB) swelling in aromatic liquids serve to show that the method of measuring a is so sensitive that it can detect an effect caused by even the smallest modification in the molecular geometry of attached substituents, and that these differences correlate qualitatively with expectation based on the known principles of physico-organic chemistry of aromatic compounds. Since the observed a is the net effect of electronic attraction and steric hindrance between the sorbed molecule and the adsorption site, i.e. the monomer unit of the polymer, it would be impossible to separate quantitatively the electronic and steric contributions of a particular substituent. The ability to make such a differentiation, however, appears to be more promising with liquids that comprise homologous series of the type Z(CH2)nH (where Z is a phenyl, chloro, bromo or iodo substituent), since the added electronic contribution to Z by each additional methylene group is well known to be extremely small when n becomes >3 [165],... 

Tropospheric Chemistry of Aromatic Compounds Emitted from Anthropogenic Sources... 

The chemistry of aromatic compounds will not be pursued further in this text except for a few selected reactions of benzene. 

Ascertaining molecular structure electrons over molecules Chemistry of aromatic compounds... 

The Fries rearrangement used for the preparation of aryl ketones from phenolic esters is now one of the most significant reactions in the synthetic chemistry of aromatic compounds, both in the classical version (equation 99) and in the newest modifications (see Section IV.D.3). 

The chemistry of aromatic compounds was one of the early testing grounds for the application of quantum mechanics to chemical problems. The reason for this was chiefly the simplicity and success of Hiickel molecular orbital (HMO) theory. It is appropriate to see how well DFT explains aromatic behavior. We already have one example of this in Chapter 2 aromatic stability can be correlated with (I — Af chemical hardness. 

Position 4 in androstanes will undergo some reactions that are more typically associated with the chemistry of aromatic compounds. Treatment of methyltestosterone (14-1) with formaldehyde and thiophenol thus leads to the formation of the thiomethylated derivative 19-1 (Scheme 5.19). Raney nickel then desulfurizes the product, expelling the benzene ring in the process to afford 4,17-dimethyltestosterone (19-2). 

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