Chemistry gold electrode

The innate sensitivity of DNA-mediated CT to perturbations in the TT-stack has prompted us to employ this chemistry as a probe of stacking structure and dynamics. We have developed a new class of DNA-based diagnostic tools that diagnose DNA mutations such as single base-pair mismatches and lesions, analyze DNA-protein interactions, and probe the sequence-depen-dent dynamics and flexibility of DNA. These applications rely on electrochemical probing of CT in DNA films self-assembled on gold electrodes. 

FossBJ, Ion A, Partali V, Sliwka HR, and BanicaFG. 2006b. Electrochemical and EQCM investigation of a selenium derivatized carotenoid in the self-assembled state at a gold electrode. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 593(1-2) 15-28. 

Immobilization strategies for electrochemical detection may involve physical adsorption, thiol-finking chemistries to gold electrodes, and organosilane finking chemistries to oxidized silicon or glass substrates. Immobilization... 

Fig. 10.2. Cu(II) coverage (T) of Gly-Gly-His modified gold electrodes on mixed SAMs of MPA and MP, determined by integration of CV peaks. Mixed SAMs comprising MPA and MP were prepared by immersing the gold-coated substrates in solutions of mixtures of MPA and MP of a given fraction. In all cases, Cu(II) was accumulated at the Gly-Gly-His modified electrode at open circuit for 10 min in a 0.05 M ammonia acetate buffer solution (pH 7.0) containing 0.1 iM copper nitrate, removed, rinsed and then placed in a copper-free ammonium acetate buffer solution. Scan rate 100 mV s-1. Reproduced with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry from Ref. [6], Copyright, Royal Society of Chemistry (2003).

Formation and imaging of microscopic enzymically active spots on an alkanethiolate-covered gold electrode by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Analytical Chemistry, 69 (24), 5059-5066. 

M.D., Shipovskov, S., Gazaryan, I., Besenbacher, F., and Ferapontova, E.E. (2010) Long-range electron transfer in recombinant peroxidases anisotropically orientated on gold electrodes. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 12 (34), 10098-10107. 

Lindgren, A., Larsson, T., Ruzgas, T., and Gorton, L. (2000) Direct electron transfer between the heme of cellobiose dehydrogenase and thiol modified gold electrodes. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 494 (2), 105-113. 

Avila, A., Gregory, B.W., Niki, K., and Cotton, T.M. (2000) An electrochemical approach to investigate gated electron transfer using a physiological model system cytochrome c immobilized on carboxylic acid-terminated alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers on gold electrodes. Journal of Physical Chemistry... 

Feng, Z.Q., Imabayashi, S., Kakiuchi, T., and Niki, K. (1995) Electroreflectance spectroscopic study of the electron-transfer rate of cytochrome-C electrostatically immobilized on the omega-carboxyl alkanethiol monolayer modified gold electrode. Journal of Eiectroanaiytical Chemistry, 394,149-154. 

Lipkowski, J. (2010) Building biomimetic membrane at a gold electrode surface. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 12, 13874-13887. 

Ohta. N.. and Yagi. 1. (2008) In situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopic study of pyridine adsorbed on gold electrode surfaces comprised of plasmonic crystal structures. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 112, 17603-17610. 

Uchida, H., Ikeda, N., and Watanabe, M. 1997. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of copper adatoms on gold electrodes Part II. Further discussion on the specific adsorption of anions from solutions of perchloric and sulfuric acid. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 424, 5-12. 

A r-conjugated Fc-modified nucleoside analogue was connected at the 5 end of single-stranded oligonucleotide. After h3ft>ridization to the complementary strand, the 3 end of the probe DNA strand was attached to gold electrode by Au-thiol chemistry, Fig. 7.5. 

Fig. 3.14 The changes in crystal admittance spectra recorded during the cyclic voltammetric electropolymerization of 1,8-diaminonaphthalene. For the sake of comparison, the spectrum obtained for the bare gold electrode immersed in the electrolyte is also displayed. (From [157], reproduced with the permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry)...

Figure 3.24 Cyclic voltammograms of PABA modified gold electrode in PBS at pH 7.4 (a) in presence of 10mM NADH (b) and NAD (c). Scan rate lOOmV/s. (Reprinted with permission from Chemistry of Materials, 17, 2918. Copyright (2005) American Chemical Society.)...

Figure 5.23 (a) A schematic example of a derivatised ferrocene thiol attached to a gold electrode. (b) A schematic highlighting that multiple-functionalised nanoparticles can be attached to a large surface to produce a highly sensitive device. J. J. Davis, Interfacial sensing surface-assembled molecular receptors, Chem. Commun, 2005, 3509-3513. Reproduced by permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

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