Chemical Structure and Properties of Hemicelluloses

Specifically, some hemicelluloses from plants and higher plants are a potential source of industrial polysaccharides. The pharmaceutical industry has benefitted from such diversity of biomaterials and has exploited the use of natural products as sources of both drugs and excipients. One example of a promising biomaterial for pharmaceutical use is xylan, a hemicellulose largely found in nature and considered the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose [41, 43]. Melo et al. [31] have reported research on the activity of antioxidant, antimicroba, and anticoagulant from corn cobs xylan. 

Xylan also has drawn considerable interest due to its potential for packaging films and coating food, as well as for its use in biomedical products [28]. Because it is referred to as a corn fiber gum with a sticky behavior, xylan has been used as an antithrombotic activity, adhesive, drug delivery system, anti-cholesterol, thickener, and additive to plastics [2, 7, 9,13, 36,44, 45]. 

Previous papers have investigated the suitable use of xylan in papermaking [10] and textile printing [21]. In the drug delivery field, xylan extracted from birch wood has been used for the production of nanoparticles after structural modification by the addition of different ester moieties, namely those with furoate and pyroglutamate functions [21]. On the other hand, the esterification of xylan from beech wood via the activation of the carboxylic acid with iV,iV -carbonyldiimidazole has been carried out in order to produce prodrugs for ibuprofen release [10, 21, 22, 37]. 

Egito and colleagues have been working for over a decade on the extraction of xylan from corn cobs and its use for the development of microparticles as drug carriers for colon-specific delivery of anti-inflammatory and toxic drugs, such as sodium diclofenac (SD], 5-aminosalycilic acid [5-ASA], and usnic acid (UA). Xylan-coated microparticles have also been developed by Egito and co-workers in order to deliver magnetite particles [44]. Different microencapsulation techniques have been used for 

Muchlisyam et al. [33, 34] worked for the isolation of hemicellulose from corn cobs to made eco-friendly waste and its use to reduce cadmium and plumbum from rabbit s blood [33,34]. 

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