Chemical interactions hypoxia

However, the mathematics describes an idealized situation, and the real situation in vivo may not be so straightforward. For example, with carbon monoxide, as already indicated, the toxicity involves a reversible interaction with a receptor, the protein molecule hemoglobin (see chap. 7 for further details of this example). This interaction will certainly be proportional to the concentration of carbon monoxide in the red blood cell. However, in vivo about 50% occupancy or 50% carboxyhemoglobin may be sufficient for the final toxic effect, which is cellular hypoxia and lethality. Duration of exposure is also a factor here because hypoxic cell death is not an instantaneous response. This time-exposure index is also very important in considerations of chemical carcinogenesis. 

Krutz RW Jr, Burton RR, Schiflett S, Holden R, Fisher J. Interaction of pyridostigmine bromide with mild hypoxia and rapid decompression. In Proceedings of the 6th Medical Chemical Defense Bioscience Review. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense 1987 601-604. 

The interaction between the chemicals and the skin consist of two stages it is physically modified and the water is moved and redistributed. One important assessment made with NIR is the viability of tissue after trauma [54]. Prolonged and severe tissue hypoxia results in tissue necrosis in pedicled flaps. The group used NIR to identify tissue regions with a low oxygen supply. It was seen that oxygen delivery to the flap tissue dropped immediately. As expected, severe trauma that causes... 

Clearly, this review is far from providing a complete summary of all articles touching the field of normoxic HlF-la induction. As mentioned at the beginning, all normoxic HIF-la-inducing chemical compounds are omitted in the discussion as well as the HIF-la-interacting proteins. But considering the complete menu presented here, it becomes evident that HIF-1 is much more than only a hypoxia-inducible transcription factor. 

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