Chemical hazards with perchlorates

An oxidant. Combusdble when exposed to heat and flame. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Explosive reacdon with solid or concentrated alkali + heat (e.g., sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), aluminum chloride + phenol (at 120°C), aniline + glycerol + sulfuric acid, nitric + sulfuric acid + heat. Forms explosive mixmres with aluminum chloride, oxidants (e.g., fluorodinitromethane, uranium perchlorate, tetranitromethane, sodium chlorate, nitric acid, nitric acid + water, peroxodisulfuric acid, dinitrogen tetraoxide), phosphorus pentachloride, potassium, sulfuric acid. Reacts violendy with aniline + glycerin, N2O, AgC104. To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2, dry chemical. Incompadble with potassium hydroxide. When heated to decomposidon it emits toxic flames of NOx. See also NITRO COMPOUNDS OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. 

EXPLOSION and FIRE CONCERNS moderate fire hazard combustible liquid NFPA not rated incompatible or reacts strongly with perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, chlorine, bromine, and fluorine poisonous gases, such as sulfur oxides, are produced in fire use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers for firefighting purposes. 

Reactivity. Chemicals that react violently with air or water are considered hazardous examples are sodium metal, potassium metal, and phosphorus. Reactive materials also include strong oxidizers such as perchloric acid, and chemicals capable of detonation when subjected to an initiating source, such as solid, dry < 10% H2O picric acid, benzoyl peroxide, or sodium borohydride. Solutions of certain cyanide or sulfides that could generate toxic gases are also classified as reactive. The potential for finding such chemicals in a refinery is... 

Barium Perchlorate — Fire Hazards Flash Point (deg. F) Not flammable but can aggravate fire intensity Flammable Limits in Air (%) Not flammable Fire Extinguishing Agents Not pertinent Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used Not pertinent Special Hazards of Combustion Products Not pertinent Behavior in Fire Increases the intensity of fires. Containers may burst or explode Ignition Temperature (deg. F) Not pertinent Electrical Hazard Not pertinent Burning Rate Not pertinent. Chemical Reactivity Reactivity with Water No reaction Reactivity with Common Materials When mixed with combustible materials or finely divided metals, can become an explosive... 

Perchloric acid spilled on the floor or bench top represents a hazard. It should not be mopped up, nor dry combustibles used to soak up the acid. The spilled acid should first be neutralized and then soaked up with rags or paper towels. The contaminated rags and paper towels must be kept wet to prevent combustion upon drying. They should be placed in a plastic bag and sealed and then placed in a flammable waste disposal can. If the spill can be rinsed down a chemical drain, neutralization of the wetted area is recommended, followed by additional rinsing.16,30,31... 

Know all the hazards of the chemicals with which you work. For example, perchloric acid is a corrosive, an oxidizer, and a reactive. Benzene is an irritant that is also flammable, toxic, and carcinogenic. 

Avoid skin contact. Flammable by chemical reaction powerful oxidizers. All perchlorates are potentially hazardous when in contact with reducing materials. Moderate explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat or by chemical reaction. Perchlorates, when mixed with carbonaceous material, form explosive mixtures. Many perchlorates of nitrogenous bases (e.g., hydroxylamine, urea, methylamine, ethylamine, isopropylamine, 4-ethylpyridine, diaminoethane) and organic perchlorates are explosives. Diazonium perchlorates are very dangerous. All perchlorates are considered to be fire and explosive hazards when associated with carbonaceous materials or finely divided metals. This is also true in the presence of calcium hydride, sulfur,... 

An eye, mucous membrane, and severe human skin irritant. Flammable liquid. A dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. Explodes on contact with nitrosyl perchlorate. 

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