Chemical fibers electrospinning

Fig. 6 Functionalization of polymer fibers for nerve regeneration, (a) Functionalization with adsorption or covalent binding of ECM molecules to electrospun polymer fibers [169]. (b) Functionalization by blending of ECM molecules with synthetic polymers before electrospinning [93]. (c) Functionalization by chemical bulk modification of the electrospinnuig solution [158]...

The DS electrospinning apparatus could be used to electrospin a hybrid mesh of materials of varying degradation rates, mechanical properties, or chemical functionality. Here, the technique was used to create a mesh where one fiber was loaded with an antibiotic and another fiber was loaded with an anesthetic. 

Composite fibers of poly(o-anisidine]-PS was produced by electrospinning for chemical vapor sensing. Sensibility of the composite fibers were tested under water and ethanol vapor, the sensors elements responded better to the high polarity ofthe solvent. The CSA-doped POA/PS composition seems to be stable under the submitted ambient conditions to ethanol. The sensor could be reused several times without any change in sensing behavior and/ or damage to the sensing materials. 

In addition, one-phase smfactant-assisted chemical method has been utilized to synthesize PANI nanofiber, which was doped with CSA and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulfonic acid, in large quantities [291]. A chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline has been carried out using ammonium peroxydisulfate as an oxidizing agent in the presence of nonionic surfactant. A precipitate of doped emeraldine salt is composed of PANI nanofiber, which has the diameter of 30-50 nm and exhibits the conductivity of 1 -5 S cm at RT. Another piece of research has been done through chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline in a surfactant gel, which was formed by a mixture of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, acetic acid, anihne, and water at - 7 °C [292]. The dendritic PANI nanofiber has the diameter of 60-90 nm and the length of 1 -2 jim. Extended works have been performed by the electrospinning method [293]. It should be taken into account that PANI-CSA fiber shape could be influenced by the synthetic variables such as solvent, surface tension, viscosity, and solution conductivity. 

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