Chemical Engineering Aspects

Rollin et al. have published results for the continuous emulsion polymerization of styrene in a tubular reactor the particular concern is with the transition between laminar flow and turbulent flow in such a reactor. Chiang and Thompson have studied the factors which affect the stability of a continuous emulsion polymerization reactor. Birtwistle, Blackley, and Jeffershave examined a modification of a model proposed by Brooks, in order to ascertain whether it permits the possibility of either periodic fluctuations in rate of polymerization in the vicinity of the steady state, or sustained fluctuations in rate of polymerization in any physically attainable state. The conclusion is reached that neither of these possibilities is realizable in reaction systems which conform to the model considered, nor are sustained oscillations possible in reaction systems which conform to certain variants of the model. 

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Nitric acid is one of the three major acids of the modem chemical industiy and has been known as a corrosive solvent for metals since alchemical times in the thirteenth centuiy. " " It is now invariably made by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia under conditions which promote the formation of NO rather than the thermodynamically more favoured products N2 or N2O (p. 423). The NO is then further oxidized to NO2 and the gases absorbed in water to yield a concentrated aqueous solution of the acid. The vast scale of production requires the optimization of all the reaction conditions and present-day operations are based on the intricate interaction of fundamental thermodynamics, modem catalyst technology, advanced reactor design, and chemical engineering aspects of process control (see Panel). Production in the USA alone now exceeds 7 million tonnes annually, of which the greater part is used to produce nitrates for fertilizers, explosives and other purposes (see Panel). 

TABLE 4.2 Chemical Engineering Aspects of Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices... 

Malone, M.F., Huss, R.S., Doherty, M.F. (2003) Green Chemical Engineering Aspects of Reactive Distillation. Environmental Science and Technology, 37, 5325-5329. 

Hopefully the reader will benefit from this manifold approach, which casts light on the topic from a range of perspectives. Many of the contributors were originally physicists or chemists who became curious about particular applications, while an increasing minority of workers are contributing expertise from a Chemical Engineering aspect and introducing questions that are completely new to the fundamental researcher. 

Jensen, K. F. In Microelectronics Processing, Chemical Engineering Aspects Hess, D. W., and Jensen, K. F., Eds. ACS Advances in Chemistry Series 23 American Chemical Society Washington, DC, 1989 pp. 200-206. 

M. Wemtraub Chemical Engineering Aspects of Fluid Dynamics. Review with 252 references. IndEngChem 56 (4), 43 (1964) CA 60, 15453... 

D. W. Hess and K. F. Jensen (eds.), Microelectronics Processing Chemical Engineering Aspects. ACS Advances in Chemistry Ser. 221. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1989. 

Literature in the food field is traditionally difficult to evaluate. The following discussion will therefore be devoted chiefly to an evaluation of the factors which influence the chemical engineering aspects of sterilization processing. A thorough and able review of the entire field has just been made by Hannan (H2). Other recent summaries are available (H5, Rl, C5). These all include the sterilization of pharmaceuticals and medicinals, since the techniques parallel those used in food applications. 

Microelectronics Processing Chemical Engineering Aspects Dennis W. Hess, editor, Klavs F. Jensen, editor p. cm.—(Advances in chemistry series, ISSN 0065-2393 221)... 

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