Chemical Doping Protonation of Polyaniline

The doping of polyaniline [PANl) is done by protonation (using an acid), while with the other conjugated polymer it is achieved by electron transfer with a dopant or electrochemically (Fig 3.13 Emeraldine base (a), Emeraldine salt (b)). 

The effects of chemical structure on polymer film properties and applications were reviewed. The uses of conductive polymers in the bioanalytical sciences and in biosensor applications were investigated. Synthesis, characterization, and applications of CPs were reported, and the main aspects of CPs in chemical sensors and biosensors were covered. The advantages and limitations of conductive polymers for different biomedical applications like tissue engineering, biosensors, drug delivery, and bioactuators were reported. Different preparation methods for conductive polymers and the use of conductive pol5miers for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications were reviewed.  

Poly 3-alkylthiophene (PATh) Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) 

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