Chemical composition of glass

Glass has been the container of choice for pharmaceutical dosage forms because of its resistance to decomposition by atmospheric conditions or by solid or liquid contents of different chemical compositions [1]. Furthermore, by varying the chemical composition of glass, it is possible to adjust the chemical behavior and radiation protective properties of glass. 

Table 2. Chemical composition of glass, silica fume and rice husk ash used in this study (by...

The properties of glass have been the subject of a number of special monographs dealing with relationships between properties, structure and chemical composition of glass, as well as with the respective measuring methods. Mention should be made of the works by Stanworth (1950), Morey (1954), Scholze (1965, 1977), Volf et al. (1967, 1968) and Rawson (1980). A large number of data on the properties of glass can be found in the classic publication by Eitel, Pirani and Scheel (1932). 

Silica (Si02) is the most important of the glassforming oxides although the chemical composition of glasses can vary greatly. The main components of commercially important glasses are shown in Table 1. 

Although surface modification by ion-exchange treatment or coatings provide many benefits, there is still a room for improvement by changing chemical compositions of glass ... 

Microspheres provide the lowest possible surface area to volume ratio. Glass microspheres are widely used. The chemical composition of glass beads for A glass is Si02, AI2O3, CaO,... 

At very short times the modulus is on the order of 10" ° N m comparable to ordinary window glass at room temperature. In fact, the mechanical behavior displayed in this region is called the glassy state, regardless of the chemical composition of the specimen. Inorganic and polymeric glasses... 

A pyrolysis technique was investigated as a method for the chemical recycling of glass fibre-reinforced unsaturated polyester SMC composites. The proeess yielded liquid products and gases and also a solid residue formed in the pyrolysis of glass fibres and fillers. The solid residue was used as a reinforeement/filler in unsaturated polyester BMC composites, and the influenee on mechanical properties was studied in comparison with BMC prepared entirely from virgin materials. 

When X was 10, fluorite and anorthite crystallites were formed. With glasses of lower fluoride content (x < 10) gehlenite crystallites were also found. As X decreased, increasingly more gehlenite was formed at the expense of anorthite and fluorite. In coimection with this observation it should be noted that the chemical composition of the glass corresponds to gehlenite when x = 0 and to a mixture of anorthite and fluorite when x = 1. 

Chemical Analysis. The chemical composition of ancient objects is important for their authentication. The nature as well as the relative amounts of major, minor, and trace elements in any object are of use for determining the authenticity or otherwise of ceramics, glass, or alloys. A wide range of analytical techniques, depending on the nature of the material studied, have been used for this purpose, including X-rays fluorescence analysis, mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and neutron activation analy-... 

Green L.R. and Hart F.A. (1987). Colour and chemical composition of ancient glass an examination of some Roman and Wealden glass by means of ultraviolet-visible-infra-red spectrometry and electron microprobe analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 14 271-282. 

Slurry explosives consist of saturated aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate with sensitizing additives.[i-3] Nitrates such as monomethylamine nitrate, ethylene glycol mononitrate, or ethanolamine mononitrate are used as sensitizers. Aluminum powder is also added as an energetic material. Table 4.15 shows a typical chemical composition of a slurry explosive. It is important that so-called micro-bubbles are present within the explosives in order to facilitate the initial detonation and the ensuing detonation wave. These micro-bubbles are made of glass or polymeric materials. 

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