Chemical ammonia

As mentioned in Chapter 2, methane is a one-carhon paraffinic hydrocarbon that is not very reactive under normal conditions. Only a few chemicals can he produced directly from methane under relatively severe conditions. Chlorination of methane is only possible by thermal or photochemical initiation. Methane can be partially oxidized with a limited amount of oxygen or in presence of steam to a synthesis gas mixture. Many chemicals can be produced from methane via the more reactive synthesis gas mixture. Synthesis gas is the precursor for two major chemicals, ammonia and methanol. Both compounds are the hosts for many important petrochemical products. Figure 5-1 shows the important chemicals based on methane, synthesis gas, methanol, and ammonia. ... 

Synthesis gas, the third important intermediate for petrochemicals, is generated hy steam reforming of either natural gas or crude oil fractions. Synthesis gas is the precursor of two hig-volume chemicals, ammonia and methanol. 

A wide variety of materials, both pure substances and mixtures, are made by processes that involve one or more gas-phase reactions. Among these is one of the most important industrial chemicals, ammonia. 

High resistance to almost all inorganic chemicals, ammonia being the most important exception. Resistance to most organic compounds, except low molecular weight polar organics. Least resistant of the fluorocarbon rubbers to methanol and phosphate ester based hydraulic fluids. 

Lurgi dry ash process Coal (bitumi- nous, lignites) LHV Fuels, chemicals, ammonia (several pants 100 MW plus 361 MW) 18,000... 

Examples Nitric acid + most chemicals Ammonia + methacrylic acid Caustic soda + epichlorohydrin Examples Phosphoric acid + hexane Ammonia + ethylenediamine Gasoline + ethyl alcohol... 

Syngas produced from gasification of coal, biomass, petroleum coke, and other types of feedstock can be used to generate electricity or to produce hydrogen and other liquid fuels or chemicals (ammonia, methanol, dimethyl ether, and diesel fuel) by... 

These common household chemicals, ammonia and bleach, should never be mixed because they react to form chloramine (NFI2CI), a very poisonous volatile compound. 

Chemicals, ammonia plant (Chemical) - Peng-Robinson, Redlich-Kwong-Soave,... 

Inorganic Chemicals Ammonia, Sulphuric Acid, Fertilisers... 

Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for the Manufacture of Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals (Ammonia, Acids and Fertilisers) LVIC-AAF... 

Chlorine will also react with the following chemicals ammonia, acetylene, butadiene, benzene, hydrogen, sodium carbides, turpentine, and finely divided powdered metals. In some cases, these reactions may be violent and explosive mixtures may be formed. 

Manufacture of inorganic bulk chemicals (ammonia and methanol synthesis, oxidation of sulfur dioxide in a sulfuric acid plant, manufacture of nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium borohydride)... 

European Commission, 2007. Integrated pollution prevention and control reference document on best available techniques for the manufacture of large volume inorganic chemicals— ammonia, acids and fertilisers. Retrieved from http //eippcb.jrc.es/reference/BREF/lvic bref 0907.pdf (accessed 05.10.12). 

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