Chart of the Nuclides

Chart of the Nuclides, 12th ed.. General Electric Co., Nuclear Power Systems Division, San Jose, Calif., 1977. 

F. W. Walker, J. R. Farrington, and F. Feiner. Chart of the Nuclides. l4th Edition. General Electric Company, 1989, pp. 26—27 ... 

Walker, F. W. Parrington, J. R. Feiner, F. Nuclides and Isotopes. In Chart of the Nuclides, 14th ed. GE Nuclear Energy, General Electric Company, Nuclear Energy Operations, 175 Curtner Avenue, M/C 397, San Jose, CA, 95125 (USA), Revised 1989. 

Holden, N. E. and Walker, F. W. (1972). Chart of the Nuclides, Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, General Electric Company (Educational Relations, General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York). 

Fig. 1.2. Chart of the nuclides, in which Z is plotted against N. Stable nuclei are shown in dark shading and known radioactive nuclei in light shading. Arrows indicate directions of some simple nuclear transformations. After Krane (1987). Reproduced by permission of John Wiley Sons, Inc.

The matrix of isotopic abundances a, b was taken from the Chart of the Nuclides (Walker et al, 1989) and commercial Oak Ridge data sheets. Last column adjusted values of the ion currents /, Ion currents are converted into voltage through a high-value resistor. 

Seelmann-Eggebert, W., Pfennig, G., Miinzel, H. Chart of the nuclides. Gersbach Verlag MUnchen 1974... 

Pfennig, G. Klewe-Nebenius, H. Seelmann-Eggebert, W. Chart of the Nuclides, 6th ed. 1995, revised reprint 1998, Research Centre Karlsruhe, Germany. 

Lockheed Martin (2002) Chart of the Nuclides. Lockheed Martin. 

Chart of the nuclides organizing elements by their nuclear properties... 

The Chart of the Nuclides provides a very useful way to organize the large number of different nuclides. The chart, a publication of Lockheed Martin, is available through their website atwww.ChartOfTheNuchdes.com. Analogous compilations are also available from other sources. The chart plots the atomic number, Z, against the number of neutrons, N. For... 

Schematic presentation of the Chart of the Nuclides, which plots Z (number of protons) versus N (number of neutrons). Stable isotopes, shown in black, define a narrow band within a wider band of unstable nuclides. In general, elements with even Z are more abundant and have more isotopes than elements with odd Z. Among the isotopes of a given element, those with even N are more abundant than those with odd N.

Detailed view of a portion of the Chart of the Nuclides. Stable isotopes are shaded. For stable nuclides, isotopic abundances are given below the element symbol and isotopic masses are given at the bottom of the square. Half-lives of the unstable nuclides are given, along with their decay modes. 

Effects of different modes of radioactive decay on the position of an isotope on the Chart of the Nuclides. Beta-decay, which changes a neutron to a proton, moves the nuclide up and to the left. Positron decay or electron capture, which changes a proton into a neutron, moves the nuclide down and to the right. And -decay, which is the emission of a 4He nucleus, moves the nuclide down and to the left. 

In this chapter, we introduced the constituents and structure of the atom and showed that elements typically have several isotopes (same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons). Using the Chart of the Nuclides, we briefly discussed the distribution and stability of the isotopes. Radioactive isotopes were introduced, and we mentioned that they can be used for dating of geological and cosmochemical events. We then discussed the periodic... 

Baum, E. M., Knox, H. D. and Miller, T. R., editors (2002) Chart of the Nuclides, 16th edn. Lockheed Martin Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, 88 pp. Everything you might want to know about nuclides in one convenient place. 

Portion of the Chart of the Nuclides showing s-process and r-process pathways. The s-process pathway, shown by the dark line in the center of the valley of p-stability, shows how a nuclide that successively captures individual neutrons would evolve. Each added neutron moves the nuclide to the right on the diagram, until it reaches an unstable nuclide, in which case it will p-decay to the stable nuclide with a higher Z. In contrast, in situations where nuclides capture neutrons very rapidly ( -process), they will be driven far to the right of the valley of p-stability until the timescale for neutron capture matches that for p-decay. They will then move to higher Z and capture more neutrons until they either reach a size that causes them to fission (break) into smaller nuclei (which can then capture more neutrons) or until the neutrons disappear, in which case they will p-decay back to the first stable isotope along paths of constant A (arrows). 

The 5-process is responsible for approximately half of the isotopes heavier than iron. Figure 3.12 is a portion of the Chart of the Nuclides with the 5-process path highlighted. The... 

Portion of the chart of the nuclides illustrating the decay of 23SU to 206Pb. The decay occurs by a series of -decays, which cause the nuclide to move down and to the left, and p-decays, which cause the nuclide to move up and to the right. 

Portion of the chart of the nuclides illustrating the decay of 235U to 207Pb. This decay series is often called the actinium series. 

Chart of the nuclides organizing elements by their nuclear properties Radioactive elements and their modes of decay The periodic table organizing elements by their chemistry properties Chemical bonding... 

In Figure 2.3, we compare the positions of the known stable nuclides of odd A with those of even A in the chart of the nuclides. Note that as Z increases, the line of stability moves from N = Z to N/Z 1.5 due to the influence of the Coulomb force. For odd A nuclei, only one stable isobar is found while for even A nuclei there are, in general, no stable odd-odd nuclei. This is further demonstrated by the data of Table 2.1 showing the distribution of stable isotopes. 

Figure 12.16 Typical portion of the heavy element chart of the nuclides showing the relative importance of s, r, and p processes in nucleosynthesis. [From J. W. Truran, Nucleosynthesis in Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Set, 34, 53 (1984). Copyright 1984 by Annual Reviews, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Annual Reviews, Inc.]...

Using the Chart of the Nuclides as a guide, estimate the sensitivity (minimum quantity that can be detected) of neutron activation analysis for europium using a thermal neutron flux of 3 x 1012 n/cm2-s. Assume no irradiation may last more than 1 h and the minimum detectable activity is 10 dpm. 

Radiation beams induce radioactivity primarily by photonuclear reactions. In these reactions, the absorption of energy from the incident electron, x-ray, or 7-ray will produce an excited nucleus that will then emit a neutron, proton, triton, 7-ray, or other secondary radiation. The chart of the nuclides from carbon to sodium in Figure 1 demonstrates the type of nuclide resulting from the emission of a secondary radiation from a given parent nuclide (10). The threshold energies necessary for the incoming radiation to produce a secondary radiation are given for a few of the reactions most relevant to this report. 

Fig 5. Chart of the nuclides. The dark stippled area represents nuclides identified by 1981 the lighter areas, nuclides predicted to exist for an observable length of time [HA885J ... 

In Fig. 4 we show the platinum region of the chart of the nuclides. Those nuclei which have been studied in our laboratories in the past few years are indicated by the triangle in the upper right corner of the appropriate box. This diversity of nuclei has allowed us to study a variety... 

Among common radionuclide sources are the natural environment, fallout from nuclear weapon tests, effluents from nuclear research laboratories, the nuclear power fuel cycle, radiopharmaceutical development, manufacturing, and various application, teaching and research uses. Decontamination and decommissioning activities at former nuclear facilities and the potential of terrorist radionuclide uses are current topics of interest for radioanalytical chemistry laboratories. Simplified information on the numerous radionuclides is conveniently found in Charts of the Nuclides such as Nuclides and Isotopes (revised by J. R. Parrington, H. D. Knox, S. L. Breneman, E. M. Baum, and F. Feiner, 15th Edition, 1996, distributed by GE Nuclear Energy). 

Table 13.2 Isotopic Abundances of Atmospheric Noble Gases (chart of the nuclides, 1977)...

Table A Chart of the Nuclides Inspired by General Electric/Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, fifth edition, revised to April 1956 (originally compiled by G. Friedlander and M. Perlman) using data from Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, (atom.kaeri.re.kr/ton/nuc9.html, wwwndc.tokai-sc.jaea.go.jp/cgi-bin/nuclinfo2004, and www-nds.iaea. rg/relnsd/vchart/index.html). Contents (1) name, (2) nuclear spin I,...

It is evident that the Periodic Table of the elements does not have room to include information about all the isotopes of the elements. For that purpose the chart of the nuclides has been designed, which is based on the proton-neutron model of atomic... 

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