Charged clusters

Fig. 12. Mass spectra of singly charged clusters composed of a single Qo molecule coated with a large amount of Na (background subtracted). The even-odd alternation extends up to approximately x = 66. Note that x = 12 does not appear as a magic number in these spectra.

M. Gamero-Castano and J. Fernandez de la Mora, Kinetics of small ion evaporation from the charg and mass distribution of multiply charged clusters in electrospray, J. Mass Spectrom., 35 (2000) 790-803. 

Doubly-charged cluster ions, e.g., [MH-2Na], may also occur. Such doubly- or even multiply-charged ions can serve to extend the mass range accessible by FD-MS. [27]... 

C24 and C3Q are generated. Fullerene formation proceeds via collisions of positively charged cluster ions C with the corresponding neutrals. In the positive ion mode, reactions between cations and neutral molecules of the cyclo[n]carbons lead to fullerene ions. Remarkably, the cyclocarbons Cjg and C24 predominantly lead, via... 

For clusters of higher nuclearity too, the kinetic method for determining the redox potential °(M]] /M ) is based on electron transfer, for example, from mild reductants of known potential which are used as reference systems, towards charged clusters M](. [31] Note that the redox potential differs from the microelectrode potential M /M ) by the... 

Two scientific aspects in cluster science have been investigated using pulsed-laser field desorption technique with a considerable degree of success.85 One is the critical numbers, which are the smallest numbers of atoms in multiply charged cluster ions when the ions can still resist being... 

L. Woste You showed that the above-threshold ionization process always ends at the bottom of the ionic state when exciting the system with femtosecond pulses. So, going to higher laser powers, you observe the consecutive onset of multiphotonic processes. What happens when you cross the double-ionization barrier Is the same true for doubly charged clusters ... 

Knospe and R. Schmidt [1], Here the two charged clusters A and B rotate around each other, similar to the rotation of the Rydberg electron e around its cationic center M+ in the Rydberg state M+ e . Several properties of the trajectories for A+ B and M+ e are found to be analogous, except for the different masses and effects of internal motions in the fragments A and B [1]. 

B) Cleavage of a polypeptide loop formed as in (A) by a leader peptidase to give a polypeptide chain anchored by a positively charged cluster near its C terminus. (C) Membrane topology of the E. coli leader peptidase. The active site is in the periplasmic domain. See Tschantz et al.5S0... 

---