Charge-directed action

Moisture Content, Resistance, and Static Charge. The moisture content of human hair probably provides a larger influence on static charge than any other variable, and its direct action is on the electrical resistance (conductance) of hair (i.e., increasing moisture in hair decreases its electrical resistance) [142] therefore, increasing moisture increases the conductivity of the fiber surface so that it is less prone to develop a static charge. 

The ubiquitous chelates of 1,10-phenanthroline were studied some time ago for their antiviral activity [17]. The inhibitory effect of various chelates on the multiplication of influenza virus (Melbourne strain) in chick chorioallantoic membrane in vitro was studied, and the most effective complex was shown to be the [Ru(acac) (3,5,6,8-Me4-l,10-phen)2] cation, which inhibited multiplication at concentrations of 6 X 10 M(—log M = 6.2). Other chelate complexes were active at concentrations of 10 to 10 M. A structure—activity study of metal chelates showed, however, that for a given chelate ligand, more labile complexes such as those of Cd or Cu were more active than their inert counterparts, the order for doubly-charged (2+) chelates being Cd(II) > Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Mn(II) > Fe(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II) > Ru(II) [18]. This correlation coincided with that found for some antibacterial effects (Chapter 9). Further studies showed that the virostatic activity may be manifested by either direct inactivation of the virus (possibly through dissociation of the more labile chelates) or by direct action on the host cell (for inert complexes). The latter effect is indicated by the fact that the trend in virostatic activity is similar to that in antitumour activity [19] (see also Chapter 6) and the fact that, of the various 1,10-phenanthrolines studied, the tetramethyl derivatives most easily penetrate cells [20]. 

Electropherograms of a urine sample (8 ml) spiked with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (10 p-g/ml each) after direct CE analysis (b) and at-line SPE-CE (c). Peak identification is as follows I, ibuprofen N, naproxen K, ketoprofen P, flurbiprofen. Reprinted from Journal of Chromatography, 6 719, J. R. Veraait et al., At-line solid-phase exti action for capillary electrophoresis application to negatively charged solutes, pp. 199-208, copyright 1998, with permission from Elsevier Science. 

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