CERN European Laboratory

European Computer Integrated Manufacturing Architecture (AMICE), 489, 511 European Laboratory of Particle Physics (CERN), 244... 

CERN (Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire) The European Laboratory for Particle Physics, formerly known as the European Organization for Nuclear Research, which is situated close to Geneva in Switzerland and is supported by a number of European nations. It runs the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), which has a7-kilometre underground tunnel enabling protons to be accelerated to 400 GeV, and the Lai e Electron-Positron Collider (LEP), in which 50 GeV electron and positron beams are collided. The Large Hadron Collider began operation in September 2008. 

In Europe, collaborative teams of scientists and support staff from different countries work on experiments using particle accelerators at the European laboratory for particle physics (CERN, for Organisation Europienne pour la Recherche Nucleaire) in Geneva, Switzerland. There are currently 20 member countries, which contribute money to its operating budget in proportion to their national income. Large amounts of electricity are consumed by the particle accelerators. A number of countries, such as... 

Subatomic particle tracks in a bubble chamber at CERN, the European particle physics laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland. 

CPT invariance is so far fiilly supported by the available experimental evidence and it is absolutely fundamental in field theory. Nevertheless, there are many experiments trying to test it. The simplest way to do that is to compare the mass or charge of particles and antiparticles. The most precise measurement of this type is that of the relative mass difference between the neutral K meson and its antiparticle that has so far been found to be less than 10 (Amsler et al. 2008). In 1999, an Antiproton Decelerator facility (CERN 2009) was constructed at the European Particle Physics Laboratory, CERN, in order to test the CPT invariance by comparing the spectra of hydrogen and antihydrogen, the latter being the bound state of an antiproton and a positron (see Chap. 28 in Vol. 3). 

The creation of the web by British computer software genius Tim Berners-Lee and other scientists at the European particle physics laboratory (CERN) paved the way for the Internet explosion that has changed our daily lives. (AFP/ Getty Images)... 

Since 1983, antiproton beams useful for atomic collision experiments have been available at the LEAR facility of the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN). Schemes exist for building low-energy antiproton sources at other laboratories, but until now, the CERN faciUty is the only one in operation. 

The field of liquid ionization chambers received a fresh impulse because of the interest expressed by Prof. Carlo Rubbia, and Dr. Dieter Schinzel who initiated at CERN, the European High Energy Physics Laboratory at Geneva, a vigorous program on electron pulse chambers to which I had the good fortune of contributing for one year and a half in 1986/87. 

CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, is one of the largest and most prestigious scientific laboratories in the world. It is dedicated to the discovery of the constitution and laws of the universe. It uses the most complex scientific instruments to probe the ultimate eonstituents of matter the fundamental particles. By studying what happens when these partieles collide, physicists learn about the laws of nature. 

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