Ceramic membranes organic additives

Finally, organic additives can affect the thermal properties (phase transformation behaviour) of mesoporous ceramic membranes. Ziiter [15] reported the transformation from monoclinic to tetragonal particles and back as a function of the amount of PVA. 

Ceramic membranes, on the other hand, present some differences, the rigidity of the porous network and the absence of the phenomenon of sorption, in addition to being resistant to organic solvents. However, the modeling of the permeation of organic solvents in porous ceramic membranes is very incipient [28]. 

Immobilization is the process of adhering biocatalysts (isolated enzymes or whole cells) to a solid support. The solid support can be an organic or inorganic material, such as derivatized cellulose or glass, ceramics, metallic oxides, and a membrane. Immobilized biocatalysts offer several potential advantages over soluble biocatalysts, such as easier separation of the biocatalysts from the products, higher stability of the biocatalyst, and more flexible reactor configurations. In addition, there is no need for continuous replacement of the biocatalysts. As a result, immobilized biocatalysts are now employed in many biocatalytic processes. 

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