Ceramic membranes membrane emulsification

V. Schroder, O. Behrend, and H. Schubert Effect of Dynamic Interfacial Tension on the Emulsification Process Using Microporous Ceramic Membranes. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 202, 334 (1998). 

V. Schroder and H. Schubert Emulsification Using Microporous Ceramic Membranes. In Proceedings of the First European Congress on Chemical Engineering (ECCE 1) 2491, Florence Italy (1997). 

Recent studies in the pharmaceutical field using MBR technology are related to optical resolution of racemic mixtures or esters synthesis. The kinetic resolution of (R,S)-naproxen methyl esters to produce (S)-naproxen in emulsion enzyme membrane reactors (E-EMRs) where emulsion is produced by crossflow membrane emulsification [38, 39], and of racemic ibuprofen ester [40] were developed. The esters synthesis, like for example butyl laurate, by a covalent attachment of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) onto a ceramic support previously coated by polymers was recently described [41]. An enzymatic membrane reactor based on the immobilization of lipase on a ceramic support was used to perform interesterification between castor oil triglycerides and methyl oleate, reducing the viscosity of the substrate by injecting supercritical CO2 [42],... 

Schroder, V., Behrend, O., and Schubert, H. (1998a). Effect of dynamic interfacial tension on the emulsification process using microporous, ceramic membranes. J. Coll. Interf. Sci. 202, 334-340. 

Jing W, Xing W, Jin W, and Xu N. Preparation of monodispersed o/w emulsion by ceramic membrane jet-flow emulsification. Proceedings of the Eight International Conference on Inorganic Membranes, Cincinnati, OH, July 18-22, 2004 76-80. 

In conventional membrane emulsification, droplets are formed at the membrane surface and detached from it by wall shear stress of the continuous phase (Figure 20.8, middle) [29,45,46]. In addition to tubular membranes made from ceramics such as aluminum oxide, special porous glasses such as SPG (Shiratsu Porous Class) membranes and polymers such as polypropylene (29, 47, 48], flat filter membranes made of PTFE [49, 50], nylon [51] and silicon (30, 51-55] have been used in emulsification. Silicon membranes are produced by microengineering techniques. This technology offers the possibility to influence precisely the structure of a membrane (arrangement of pores, pore shape, size and distance, porosity, surface characteristics, as shown in Figure 20.7). Very thin active layers reduce the pressure drop without losing mechanical stability. 

Cross-membrane emulsification (XME) using SPG and ceramic alumina membranes is one of the most commonly used ME methods for preparation of emulsions. As shown in Figure 6.5, SPG membrane contains very uniform interconnected pores with a mean pore tortuosity of about 1.3 and the wall... 

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