Silicon membrane

Figure 9.5 Pervaporation separation of acetone-water mixtures achieved with a water-selective membrane poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and an acetone-selective membrane (silicone rubber) [21]. Reprinted from Hollein et al. [21], p. 1051 by courtesy of Marcel Dekker, Inc.

C02-permeable membrane (silicone rubber) Cuvet Glass window... 

Membrane (Silicone rubber with silver halide)... 

Figure 6.31. Experimental data for the effect of downstream pressure on pervaporation. (Upstream pressure, 10,325 Pa temperature, 23 C membrane, silicone rubber system, water/eihanol mixtures.) (Reproduced from [240] with permission.)...

The sample is constrained in lateral x - and y-direction by four steel plates. Vertical deformations of the sample are restricted by rigid top and bottom plates. The sample can be loaded by the four lateral plates, which are linked by guides so that the horizontal cross-section of the sample may lake different rectangular shapes. In deforming the sample, the stresses Ox and Oy can be applied independently of each other in x- and y-direction. To avoid friction between the plates and the sample the plates are covered with a thin rubber membrane. Silicone grease is applied between the steel-plates and the rubber membrane. Since there are no shear stresses on the boundary surfaces of the sample Ox and Oy are principal stresses. With the true biaxial shear tester the measurement of both stresses and strains is possible. 

Fig. 13.1 Polymers used for medical devices for dialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Polyurethane (PUR) is applied as potting material for capillary membranes, silicone tings guarantee a leak-age-free system, polycarbonate and polypropylene are used for casings, and a series of polymers are incorporated as membrane materials (P5M-polysulfone, P S-polyether-sulfone, PA-polyamide, PAAf-polyacrylonitrile, PMMA-polymethylmethacrylate, CIA-cellulose-tri-acetate). PUC-polyvinylchloride as a biomaterial for tubing needs plasticizers for its flexibility, such as D 7/P/DOP-di-ethyl-hexylphthalate/di-octyl-phthalate, TOTM-tn-octyl trimeUitate, DWCif-di-isononyl-cyclohexane...

Track-etch membranes Alumina membranes Block copolymer membranes Silicon wafers... 

When the electrode is covered with a layer of urease (Figure 3.4), the carbon dioxide arising from the decomposition of urea diffuses through the hydrophobic membrane (silicone or teflon) and dissolves in... 

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