Center line average

Figure 12-5. Center-line average and root-mean-square surface roughness, cencer-line average peak height is given by Ul dl...

CLA n. Abbreviation for center-line average (BS 1134) indication of surface roughness. 

The instrument used was a Rank Organization Talysurf 4 which embodies a diamond stylus of 2.5 ym diameter that exerts a normal force of 100 mg (25). Various traverse distances could be employed to produce a recording of the surface. Quantification in the form of center-line-average (CLA), roughness which is a standard measure of surface texture (ASA B46 1955), could be obtained. 

Receding and advancing radii of curvature can be correlated successfully as functions of roughness with the aid of a stylus-type tracing instrument which enables determination of center-line-average (CLA) roughness. 

Figure 6-6 The notation for surface roughness (Rji center line average roughness, I measured height, C centerline, Rrm root mean squared roughness, Rmax maximumheight).

Figure 5.8 Static coefficient of friction versus load against steel of various surface roughnesses for DuPont Delrin 500 acetal resin. CLA, center-line average [4].

Roughness, surface (RJ The arithmetic mean of the departure of the roughness profile from a mean value. The is also called the Center line average (CLA). 

Construction of Property Control Charts The simplest form for a property control chart is a sequence of points, each of which represents a single determination of the property being monitored. To construct the control chart, it is first necessary to determine the mean value of the property and the standard deviation for its measurement. These statistical values are determined using a minimum of 7 to 15 samples (although 30 or more samples are desirable), obtained while the system is known to be under statistical control. The center line (CL) of the control chart is determined by the average of these n points... 

There are several rules appHed to control charts to spot a lack of randomness. The most obvious is a point outside the control limits. A trend such as a mn, where at least seven consecutive data points are either above or below the average line, or a trend of seven consecutive points either increasing or decreasing in value, also indicates an out of control situation (29). A lack of randomness is also apparent from a pattern in which there is a repeated sequence of points cycling between rising then falling, or when points tend to cluster around the center line or near the control limits. 

Mittel-lauf, m. (in distillation) middle fraction, -lauge, /. weak lye. -Unie, /. median line center line bisectrix axis equator, mittel-los, a. without means, -mitssig, a. middling, mediocre, average. 

Table 4.1. Average run length (ARL)for exceeding an upper or lower control limit 1/p(total), or giving seven results on one side of the center line 1/p(7) of a Shewhart means chart for deviations from the mean indicated...

Figure 11. Dosage intensities 10 12 (min liter ) in a horizontal plane (at 1 m) and in vertical planes along the plume center lines of fluorescent particles released in a 27 m Douglas fir forest. Isolines are in powers of 10. Release points, and plume center lines are shown and - - respectively. (a) release at 1 m (b) release at 10 m and (c) release at 20 m. Average temperature profiles and wind direction (- ) and speeds are shown for selected towers and heights. (From 20).

The average g values were calculated by assuming that the values measured at the low and high field peaks correspond to g, and g, respectively, and by interpqlating or extrapolating a probable value of g from the position of the center line or peak. 

From equation 124, we observe that the coefficient of multidimensional effect is also related to the ratio of the superficial velocity near the center line to the average superficial velocity, that is,... 

Hence, we expect that the larger the multidimensional effect is, the larger the deviation of the center line velocity from the average velocity. In the extreme case where F = 0, or the medium is infinitely permeable, the velocity ratio reaches 2, whereas the coefficient of the multidimensional effect is infinite. 

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