Catalytic cracking licensed units

DCC [Deep catalytic cracking] A general term for processes which convert heavy petroleum feedstocks and residues to hght hydrocarbons. One such process, for making C3-C5 olefins, was developed by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, China, and licensed through Stone Webster. Five units were operating in China in 1997. 

RFCC [Residual Fluid Catalytic Cracking] A process for cracking residues from petroleum distillation. It uses an ultrastable zeolite catalyst with two-stage regeneration. Originally developed in the early 1980s by Total Petroleum in Kansas and Oklahoma under the name R2R. Further developed by IFP with Stone and Webster and now more commonly known as RFCC. Twenty-six units had been licensed by 2003. 

BPD plant which came on stream in April, 1937. The successful operation of these plants led Sun and Socony-Vacuum to build more than ten plants during the next four years, and for Houdry Process Corp. (HPC) to license to other companies. During the first two years of WWII about 90% of the aviation gasoline was obtained from catalytic cracking in 24 Houdry plants charging a total of 330,000 barrels a day. By 1944, there were 29 units in operation, with a capacity of 375,000 barrels a day, and by 1947 there were 37 licensed units. 

Prime-G, Prime-G+ A deep hydrodesulfurizing process for removing sulfur compounds prior to fluid catalytic cracking. It uses a fixed catalyst bed and conventional distillation. Developed by IFP (now Axens) from 1999. The + version is an improvement on the original process. In 2001, over 60 units had been licensed and 11 were operating commercially. First commercialized at Gelsenkirchen, Germany, in 2001. By 2012,140... 

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