Catalysts ionic liquid biomass

Since late 2007, the Energy Biosciences Institute in Berkeley has been the center for cooperation between scientists from the University of California and the Agricultural Department of the University of Illinois for the production of fuels from so-called energy crops like switch grass. In this second-generation biofuel project that is financed over a 10-year period with 500 million by oil company BP, biomass is converted with the help of synthetic catalysts, for example, organometallic compounds, in a special solvent medium, better known as ionic liquids, into hydrocarbons with properties close to automotive fuels. 

Enzyme biocatalysts were as well tested in neoteric solvents e.g., ionic liquids, supercritical CO, fluorous solvents, and liquid polymers) comparative with conventional solvents e.g., water and organic solvents) in order to achieve a greener biotransformation of the biomass into value-added products [122]. The results provided clear evidences that the enzyme catalyst... 

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