Catalyst colloid

Rearrangement of the diazo ketone, with loss of nitrogen, in the presence of suitable reagents and a catalyst (colloidal silver, silver oxide, or silver nitrate in the presence of ammonia solution). An acid is formed In the presence of water, an amide results when ammonia or an amine is used, and an ester is produced in the presence of an alcohol ... 

Both poisons were separately added to two catalysts, colloidal ([Pd/l]coii/l/rac-I = 1/1.05/100) and molecular ([Pd/ l]jnoi/l/rac-I = 1/1.25/50) systems. Addition of mercury or CS2 at the beginning of the reaction totally inhibits the... 

Georgiadou, I. et al.. Preparation and characterization of various titanias (anatase) used as supports for vanadia-supported catalysts, Colloids Surf. A. 98, 155, 1995. 

USE As pigment for rubber, paints, paper, linoleum, ceramics, glass in paint for ironwork, ship hulls as polishing agent for glass, precious metals, diamonds in electrical resistors and semiconductors in magnets, magnetic tapes as catalyst colloidal solns as stain for polysaccharides. 

Colloid catalysts with chiral stabilizing agents can be used as asymmetric catalysts in the reactions of prochiral compounds. One such catalyst is the well-known "Skita-catalyst"(colloidal Pt or Pd with gum-arabicum as an optical active polysaccharide as a protective colloid). These catalysts have been used very often in a number of hydrogenations of unsaturated compounds, including prochiral molecules, but never were their asymmetrizing action noted. Nevertheless, including chiral components as protective colloids in such catalysts allowed for the discovery of asymmetric effects in their action. Indeed, Balandin, Klabimovskii et al. found small... 

As a model for reactions on heterogeneous catalysts, colloids can be advantageous in some cases. 

F. Caruso, H. Fiedler and K. Haage, Assembly of b-glucosidase multilayers on spherical colloidal particles and their use as active catalysts. Colloids and Surfaces, A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 169(1 ), 287-293 (2000). 

As is well known, applications of adsorption in major industrial areas (adhesives, catalysts, colloids, etc.) require a detailed understanding of the phenomena from a molecular or microscopic point of view, which, in a great number of cases, can only be derived from computer simulations [14]. For example, computer simulations permit one to resolve uncertainties associated with surface impurities, heterogeneity, or the presence of micropores. 

Multimetallic catalysts, alloy catalysts, intermetallic compounds, fuel cell catalysts, colloidal intermediates, metal complexes, and metal clusters have received considerable attention [12-21] because the metal-metal cooperating bifunctional catalysts which can activate reactants simultaneously showed high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity under mild conditions [19]. In fact, there have been many bifunctional multimetallic catalysts in which multimetallic alloy- and electro-catalysts offer a way to fine-tune the catalytic properties of metals, atomic composition, and microstrucrnres [16-18, 20]. Cooperative multimetallic activation of oxidants via the multielectron transfer is also a common feature in biological oxidation catalysis [14]. Artificial multimetallic complexes with two or more metal atoms that contain... 

M.A. Aramendia, V. Borau, C. Jimenez, A. Marinas, J.M. Marinas, J.A. Navio, J.R. Ruiz, F.J. Urbano, Synthesis and textural-structural characterization of magnesia, magnesia-titania and magnesia-zirconia catalysts. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 234, 17-25 (2004)... 

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