Catalysis zirconia catalyst

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Zaytseva, Y.A., Panchenko, V.N., Simonov, M.N., Shutilov, A.A., Zenkovets, G.A., Renz, M., Simakova, I.L., Parmon, V.N., 2013. Effect of gas atmosphere on catal3hic behavior of zirconia, ceria, and ceria-zirconia catalysts in valeric acid ketonization. Topics in Catalysis 56, 846-855. 

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Fig. 8. 13 Acetic acid conversion to isobutene. (From A. J. Crisd, H. Dou, T. Prasomari, Y. Roman-Leshkov, Cascade reactions for the continuous and selective production of isobutene from bioderived acetic acid over zinc-zirconia catalysts, ACS Catalysis, 4 (2014) 4196—4200. Copyright 2014 American Chemical Society).

A variety of rare earth salts including La(C104)3 and Yb(OTf>3 used either alone [127-129] or in combination with Lewis acids such as ZnCl2 or Sn(OTf>2 [ 129,130] were also found to be effective catalysts. A different type of activation using heterogeneous catalysis with sulfated zirconia (S04/Zr02), Nafion-H or montmorillonite K-10 was developed by Toshima [131,132]. 

Enache, D.I., Roy-Auberger, M., and Revel, R. Differences in the characteristics and catalytic properties of cobalt-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts supported on zirconia and alumina. Applied Catalysis. A, General, 2004, 268, 51. 

M. Haruta, M. Date, Advances in the catalysis of Aunanopartides, Appl. Catal. A Gen. 222(2001)427. A. Wootsch, C. Descorme, D. Duprez, Preferential oxidation of carbon monoxide in the presence of hydrogen (PROX) over ceria-zirconia and alumina-supported Pt catalysts, /. Catal. 225 (2004) 259. 

As already published in the literature, sol-gel associated to supercritical drying always gives highly developed and divided materials which can have many applications in heterogeneous catalysis. Addition of a small part of Y2O3 to silica, alumina, zirconia, and titania revealed a beneficial effect on the thermal resistance of these materials. However, it is difficult to compare our results to those already published because in our work, the volumetric ratio of precursor to solvent (1/1) was much higher than the one generally used by other authors on the one hand, and on the other hand, we never added any catalyst, either acidic or basic, contrary to most of the works recently described in the literature. 

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