Carroll

In an imioortant industrial process, the Carroll reaction , an ahphatic version of the Claisen rearrangement occurs. See if you can find the right mechanism ... 

The reductive coupling of the 7r-allylpalladium enolates 679 gives the allylated ketones. This reaction is also possible thermally, as the Carroll reaction, which... 

The rearrangements of various allylic compounds catalyzed by both Pd(II) and Pd(0) are treated in this section[491]. Related reactions such as the Carroll rearrangement are treated in Section 2.10.1 and the Pd(II)-catalyzed Cope rearrangement is treated in Chapter 5, Section 3. 

Carroll, M. K. Tyson, J. F. An Experiment Using Time-Based Detection in Flow Injection Analysis, /. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, A210-A216. 

Carroll [4] developed their theories in the context of finite deformations using these measures. 

Carroll, M.M., A Rate-Independent Constitutive Theory for Finite Inelastic Deformations, J. Appl. Mech. 54, 15-21 (1987). 

There is considerable literature on material imperfections and their relation to the failure process. Typically, these theories are material dependent flaws are idealized as penny-shaped cracks, spherical pores, or other regular geometries, and their distribution in size, orientation, and spatial extent is specified. The tensile stress at which fracture initiates at a flaw depends on material properties and geometry of the flaw, and scales with the size of the flaw (Carroll and Holt, 1972a, b Curran et al., 1977 Davison et al., 1977). In thermally activated fracture processes, one or more specific mechanisms are considered, and the fracture activation rate at a specified tensile-stress level follows from the stress dependence of the Boltzmann factor (Zlatin and Ioffe, 1973). 

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