Carpel single

Carpels open, without stigmas or true ovularies (or else several carpels borne on a single sporophyll), the ovules and seeds naked and the male gametophytes falling directly into the micropyle (except in the Caytoniae). 

Salt marsh plants with spicate flowers and solitary carpels, or aquatic or marsh herbs with heteromorphous styles and a single perianth part, or homomorphous styles a rid carpels six or four and the inner perianth parts inserted higher than the outer.Order Juncaginales... 

Features Stem short, square, smooth, branched. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, crenate. Flowers in June, petals of differing sizes, usually wholly yellow but occasionally purple upper petals with dark stripes on lower single, violet-like flower to each flower stalk. Three carpel fruit. 

The gynoedum or Pistil may consist of a number of separate carpels, as in the buttercup or Nymphaea flowers, when it is said to be apocarpous, or the carpels composing it may be united together to form a single structure, as in the flowers of Belladonna and Orange, when it is called syncarpous. 

The Follicle or pod is a dry, simple capsular fruit formed of a single carpel which dehisces by one suture. This is usually the ventral suture as in Aconite, Staphisagria, Larkspur and some other Ranuncidacea, but may be the dorsal suture as in Magnolia, Fig. 99 (i). 

A Legume is a dry simple capsular fruit formed of a single carpel and dehiscent by both ventral and dorsal sutures. Examples Peas, Beans, etc. The legume is typical of most Leguminosce, Fig. 99 (8). 

XI. Order Ranales.—MagnoUacea or Magnolia Family.—Trees and shrubs having alternate leaves and single large flowers with calyx and corolla colored alike. Sepals and petals deciduous, anthers adnate. Carpels and stamens numerous. Bark aromatic and bitter. Fruit a collection of follicles dehiscing dorsally. 

Leg ume.—A dry, simple capsular fruit formed of a single carpel and dehiscent by both ventral and dorsal sutures. 

The calyx and corolla show abundant alkaloids in the epidermis. The anthers possess them in the epidermis, the tapetal layers around the developing pollen sacs, and in the bundle sheath of the filament, but not in the vascular elements themselves. Carpels and ovules contain abundant alkaloids in all parts. During the development of the ovule into a seed, its alkaloids diminish and at the resting stage are confined to a single layer of crushed cells on the inside of the testa. The embryo itself and the endosperm are both devoid of alkaloid. The ripe berry has abundant alkaloid in the epidermis, mesocarp, and placenta. 

Following pollination by wind or insect, the petals are shed and the pistil elongates to form a pod (silique) with two carpels separated by a false septum. A single row of seeds develops within each of the two loculi (Fig. 6). The number of seeds per pod varies with the species, form, and environment, but normally a pod contains between 15 and 40 seeds. At maturity the... 

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