Carey, William

Carey, J.S.,Laffan, D., Thomson, C. and Williams, M.T. (2006) Analysis of the reactions used for the preparation of drug candidate molecules. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 4 (12), 2337-2347. 

Enzymic methods are usually very specific and sensitive. Unfortunately the only methods in the literature for carbohydrates are all for glucose. Hicks and Carey [163] reported such a method, with a fluorometric final measurement, which was down to 3 x 10 8 M. Andrews and Williams [ 164] used a preconcentration step, sorption onto charcoal, elution, and a final determination with glucose oxidase. 

Beller M, Zapf A (2002) In Negishi El (ed) Organopalladium chemistry for organic synthesis, Vol. 1, Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp 1209-1222 Beller M, Zapf A, Magerlein W (2001) Chem Eng Techn 24 575-582 Beller M, Breindl M, Eichberger M, Hartung CG, Seayad J, Thiel O, Tillack A, Trauthwein H (2002) Synlett, p 1579-1594 Carey JS, Laffan D, Thomson C, Williams MT (2006) Analysis of the reactions used for the preparation of drug candidate molecules. Org Biomol Chem 4 2337-2347... 

A third reason is that a sufficient length of polypeptide is needed to enforce the shape of a protein, and particularly the precise stereoelectronic architecture of its active site. In enzymes, for example, this allows coupled vibrations and energized motions that contribute to catalytic mechanisms and an exquisitely fine-tuned stabilization of transition states (Kraut, 1988 Havsteen, 1989 Retey, 1990 Knowles, 1991 Tonge and Carey, 1992 Williams, 1993). 

WILLIAM D. CAREY is Executive Officer of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and Publisher of SCIENCE Magazine. Previously, he was a vice-president of Arthur D. Little, Inc., following a long career in the Bureau of the Budget where he was Assistant Director with general responsibilities for federal science policy. 

Carey JS, Laffan D, Thomson C, Williams MT (2006) Qrg Biomol Chem 4 2337... 

In 1963, Carey and Haslewood isolated trace amounts of (25/ )-3a,7 ,12a-trihy-droxy-5 8-cholestan-26-oic acid from human fistula bile [96]. The stereochemistry at C-25 of this bile acid was recently confirmed by direct comparison with reference compounds of known absolute configuration [97], This trihydroxy-5j8-cholestanoic acid also occurs in baboon bile [98]. Hanson and Williams found the corresponding dihydroxy bile acid, 3 ,7a-dihydroxy-5 S-cholestan-26-oic acid, in human bile [99]. The occurrence of these higher bile acids, quantitatively of minor importance, is of interest because they are biosynthetic precursors of two primary bile acids of mammalian species, cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, respectively (Chapter 9). 

Foster, George Carey. "Alexander William Williamson." Journal of the Chemical Society 87 (1905) 605-18. 

For an overview of the relationship between smell and stereochemistry, see R. Bentley, The Nose as a Stereochemist Enantiomers and Odour, Chem. Rev., 2006, 106, 4099. Interesting examples of the use of asymmetric methods in the large scale synthesis of drug molecules are given in M. Ikunaka, Chem. Eur. J. 2003, 9, 379. The prevalence of chiral drugs and the relative importance of asymmetric synthesis and resolution are discussed in B. Kasprzyk-Hordern, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, 39, 4466 and in J. S. Carey, D. Laffan, C. Thomson and M. T. Williams Org. Biomol. Chem. 2006, 2337. 

To our wives, Margot Giuliano and Jill Carey, and our children Michael, Ellen, and Christopher Giuliano and Andrew, Robert, and William Carey. 

Bostrom M, Williams DRM, Ninham BW (2001) Surface tension of electrolytes specific ion effects explained by dispersion forces. Langmuir 17 4475-4478 Carey BS, Scriven LE, Davis HT (1978) Semiempirical theory of surface tensions of pure normal alkanes and alcohols. AIChE J 24 1076-1080... 

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