Carbonate minerals sodium

The decomposition of dithionite in aqueous solution is accelerated by thiosulfate, polysulfide, and acids. The addition of mineral acid to a dithionite solution produces first a red color which turns yellow on standing subsequentiy, sulfur precipitates and evolution of sulfur dioxide takes place (346). Sodium dithionite is stabilized by sodium polyphosphate, sodium carbonate, and sodium salts of organic acids (347). 

Alum Borax Natron Iron vitriol Mineral Mineral Mineral Mineral or synthetic Sulfate of aluminum and other metals (e.g., potassium alum) Hydrated sodium borate Natural mixture sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate Hydrated iron sulfate... 

Seailles-Dyckerhoff A process for extracting aluminum from clays and other aluminous minerals rich in silica. The ore is calcined with limestone in a rotary kiln. The product is leached with aqueous sodium carbonate, yielding sodium aluminate solution, from which alumina is precipitated by carbon dioxide. Invented by J. C. Seailles and W. R. G. Dyckerhoff in 1938 piloted in Tennessee in 1942, South Carolina in 1945, and Germany during World War II. See also Pedersen. 

Reactions with alkali feldspars do not provide divalent cations for the precipitation of carbonate minerals and initially were thought to be of little significance for mineral trapping (Gunter et al. 1997). However, more recent work indicates that dissolution of alkali feldspars contributes to the fixing of C02 as the sodium alumino-carbonate mineral dawsonite, NaAlC03(0H)2 (Johnson et al. 2001). In this case, the Na necessary for dawsonite precipitation is available in abundance in the brine, but dissolution of alkali feldspar provides a source of aluminum and neutralizes the acidic C02 according to (Johnson et al. 2001) ... 

Three methods for determining mineral carbon dioxide in coal were investigated using bituminous coal. The titrimetric method is claimed to be superior to either of the then-used British standard gravimetric or manometric methods (BS 1016). The procedure involves the decomposition of carbonate minerals with hydrochloric acid and absorption of the evolved carbon dioxide in a mixture of benzylamine, ethanol, and dioxan. This mixture forms a stable salt of benzylcar-bamic acid, which is then titrated with sodium methoxide. The method was said to be suitable for all concentrations of carbon dioxide. It is especially accurate for low concentrations, and it is much more rapid than other methods tested. 

Monnin C. and Schott J. (1984) Determination of the solubility products of sodium carbonate minerals and an application to trona deposition in Lake Magadi (Kenya). Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 48, 571-581. 

Soda ash (sodium) carbonate), mineral processing Combustion gases, lime-kiln gases Carbon dioxide Ammonia solution Ammonium bicarbonate production, ammonium carbonate production Stripping not practiced... 

Like many elements, sodium s chemical symbol seems to bear no relation to its name. In such cases the symbol often derives from the Latin if the Roman Empire used one of its minerals, as in this case natrium, or metal of soda , which was in turn coined from natron, a naturally occurring hydrous sodium carbonate mineral. The name sodium also came from the Latin sodanum, a headache remedy. 

Sodium is a strongly electronegative metal, being very reactive, and it does not occur in nature in the elemental state but always in cationic form in salts or minerals (sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium borate, sodium nitrate, feldspar, kaoline, etc.). 

The most common cation in reservoir water is sodium (Na+). Both sodium sulfide and sodium carbonate are soluble in water and thus do not provide a mechanism for sequestering the acid gas. Perhaps the next most common cation in the reservoir is calcium (Ca2+). Carbon dioxide can react with the calcium ion and form one of many calcium carbonate minerals including calcite (CaC03). Calcium sulfide is not a very stable compound and readily decomposes and thus is not common on the earth. However, H2S can react with other cations in the reservoir water and produce several sulfide minerals including pyrite. 

The controls on carbon dioxide would have been somewhat different. Today, carbon dioxide is stored in carbonate minerals in the ocean floor and on the continental shelf. Subduction, followed by volcanism, cycles the carbon dioxide to the mantle and then restores the CO2 to the air. Metamorphic decarbonation of the lower crust also returns carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is then cycled back to the water, some via rain, some dissolved via wave bubbles. Erosion provides calcium and magnesium, eventually to precipitate the carbonate. In the earliest Archean, parts of this cycle may have been inefficient. The continental supply of calcium may have been limited however, subseafloor hydrothermal systems would have been vigorous and abundant, exchanging sodium for calcium in spilitization reactions, and hence providing calcium for in situ precipitation in oceanic crust. 

Sodium borate can be prepared from minerals such as borosodium calcite, pandermite, or tinkal these are natural sodium or calcium borates. Treatment of the mineral with sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate yields the sodium borate decahydrate. In the USA, brine from salt lakes is also an important source of sodium borate. ... 

Most important sodium carbonate mineral trona Na COr NaHCO 2H2O... 

Sand, preferably fine particulate, is used as the source of Si02 in the manufacture of silicate glasses. Raw materials for the standard network-modifiers are lime, dolomite (CaC03 MgC03) for the alkaline earth oxides, sodium carbonate for sodium oxide, feldspar (sodium potassium calcium aluminum silicate), or other naturally occurring aluminum silicates, for aluminum oxide. Boron is used in the form of boric acid, borax and other boron minerals, e.g. ulexite (NaCa[B505(0H)6] 5H2O) or colemanite... 

It is soluble in 150 parts of water, 15 parts of alcohol and 7 parts of acetone very slightly soluble in chloroform slightly soluble in ether soluble in mineral acids and solutions of alkali hydroxides and carbonates. The sodium salt is soluble in 1.5 parts of water slightly soluble in ethanol (96%) practically insoluble in chloroform and ether (3,4). 

For the detection of mineral acids in the presence of an excessive amount of nitrate, the IonPac AS2 separator column was developed from which bromide and nitrate elute after sulfate. The selectivity of this stationary phase is based on the hydrophobic properties of the exchange groups bound to the latex beads (see Section 3.3.1.2). As shown in Fig. 3-47, small quantities of chloride, orthophosphate, and sulfate can be determined in the presence of high amounts of nitrate. The best separation is obtained with an eluent mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. 

As can be seen in the chromatogram in Fig. 3-44, the most important mineral acids can be eluted under isocratic conditions using a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. This does not apply to polarizable anions which, because of adsorp-... 

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