Carbon monoxide nitrous oxide, reaction with

Nitrous oxide reacts with carbon monoxide in the presence of a ceria-promoted rhodium catalyst to form dinitrogen and carbon dioxide. One plausible sequence for the reaction is given below ... 

In this chapter, we present an example of a study following the second line of approach. The catalytic activity of a highly divided stoichiometric nickel oxide, one of the best catalysts in oxidation reactions (18), has been studied, for several years, first at the Faculty des Sciences of Lyon and, then, at the Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse, Villeurbanne, France, in carbon monoxide oxidation and related reactions (oxygen isotopic exchange, nitrous oxide decomposition) with the help of different experimental techniques. It is fortunate that the same type of investigations on the same material were also conducted at the Institute of Physical-Chemistry in Prague, Czechoslovakia. This allowed many comparisons and checks of experimental results and interpretations. 

At room temperature, Htde reaction occurs between carbon dioxide and sodium, but burning sodium reacts vigorously. Under controUed conditions, sodium formate or oxalate may be obtained (8,16). On impact, sodium is reported to react explosively with soHd carbon dioxide. In addition to the carbide-forrning reaction, carbon monoxide reacts with sodium at 250—340°C to yield sodium carbonyl, (NaCO) (39,40). Above 1100°C, the temperature of the DeviHe process, carbon monoxide and sodium do not react. Sodium reacts with nitrous oxide to form sodium oxide and bums in nitric oxide to form a mixture of nitrite and hyponitrite. At low temperature, Hquid nitrogen pentoxide reacts with sodium to produce nitrogen dioxide and sodium nitrate. 

Other reported syntheses include the Reimer-Tiemann reaction, in which carbon tetrachloride is condensed with phenol in the presence of potassium hydroxide. A mixture of the ortho- and para-isomers is obtained the para-isomer predominates. -Hydroxybenzoic acid can be synthesized from phenol, carbon monoxide, and an alkali carbonate (52). It can also be obtained by heating alkali salts of -cresol at high temperatures (260—270°C) over metallic oxides, eg, lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, iron oxide, or copper oxide, or with mixed alkali and a copper catalyst (53). Heating potassium salicylate at 240°C for 1—1.5 h results in a 70—80% yield of -hydroxybenzoic acid (54). When the dipotassium salt of salicylic acid is heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, an almost complete conversion to -hydroxybenzoic acid results. They>-aminobenzoic acid can be converted to the diazo acid with nitrous acid followed by hydrolysis. Finally, the sulfo- and halogenobenzoic acids can be fused with alkali. 

On a platinum surface the hydrogen forms apparently an almost complete film, in the gaps of which the nitrous oxide reacts. The reaction, N20 + H2 = N2 + H20, follows a course almost exactly analogous to that of the oxidation of carbon monoxide at low temperatures. Curves almost exactly similar to those already described in connexion with that reaction are obtained, the change coming to an abrupt end when the nitrous oxide is in excess, and reaching its end asymptotically when the hydrogen is in excess. 

Spinel oxides with a general formula AB2O4 (i.e. the so-called normal spinels) are important materials in industrial catalysis. They are thermally stable and maintain enhanced and sustained activities for a variety of industrially important reactions including decomposition of nitrous oxide [1], oxidation and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons [2], low temperature methanol synthesis [3], oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon [4], and oxidative dehydrogenation of butanes [5]. A major problem in the applications of this class of compound as catalyst, however, lies in their usually low specific surface area [6]. 

Inorganic expl materials have also proven to he amenable to IR spectroscopic analysis. An IR spectrophotometric analysis method for carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide and nitrogen dioxide produced in vacuum stability tests of expls stored together with polymeric materials has been developed (Ref 60). Structural properties, as elucidated by IR absorption, of a variety of new perfluorinated and halofluorinated covalent perchlorates are reported in Ref 42. Characterization of the products of the pyrot reaction of silicon and red lead in oxygen... 

The amounts of acetaldehyde produced approached a maximum with time and the amounts of nitrous oxide also decreased with the % conversion. Since carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methanol increased with time, it seems likely that, parallel to the role of formaldehyde in azomethane oxidation, acetaldehyde was a reactive intermediate. Acetaldehyde removed by such a reaction as... 

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