Carbon disulfide flash point

Trinidad asphalt has a relatively uniform composition of 29% water and gas, 39% bitumen soluble in carbon disulfide, 27% mineral matter on ignition, and 5% bitumen that remains adsorbed on the mineral matter. Refining is essentially a process of dehydration by heating the cmde asphalt to ca 165°C. The refined product averages 36% mineral ash with a penetration at 25°C of about 2 (0.2 mm), a softening point (ring and ball method) of 99°C, a flash point (Cleveland open cup) of 254°C, a sulfur content of 3.3%, and a saponification value of 45 mg KOH/g. The mineral matter typically contains... 

With minor exceptions the requirements for the physical and chemical properties of asphalt were essentially the same for the three national specifications and included penetration and ductiUty at 25 °C flash point % loss at 163 °C penetration of residue as a % of original solubiUty in carbon disulfide solubiUty in carbon tetrachloride specific gravity at 25°C and softening point. 

Compounds with low flash points (below room temperature). Examples are acetaldehyde, acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, carbon disulfide, cyclohexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and -hexane. 

Drying at higher temperatures can be dangerous because of the low flash-point of carbon disulfide. 

Carbon disulfide is an extremely flammable liquid, the closed cup flash point being -22°F (-30°C). Its autoignition temperature is 90°C (194°F). Its vapors form explosive mixtures with air, within a wide range of 1.3 to 50.0% by volume in air. Reactions with certain substances can progress to explosive violence. They include finely divided metals, alkali metals, azides, fulminates, and nitrogen dioxide. 

Naphthalene (melting point 80.3°C, density 1.175, flash point 79°C) is very slightly soluble in water but is appreciably soluble in many organic solvents such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin), phenols, ethers, carbon disulfide, chloroform, benzene, coal-tar naphtha, carbon tetrachloride, acetone, and decahydronaphthalene (decalin). 

The most important hazard in the manufacturing of xanthates is the use of carbon disulfide (qv) because of its low flash point, ignition temperature, and its toxicity. A report on the manufacture of sodium ethyl xanthate at Keimecott Nevada Mines Division discusses the various safety problems and the design of a facility (81). A plant layout and a description of the reagent preparations are also given. 

Carbon disulfide (bp 46°) is used as the solvent in many Friedel-Crafts reactions. It must be used with caution because of its very low flash point, which permits it to ignite on contact with heated surfaces. It should be distilled in such a manner that the vapors do not escape from the apparatus, and heat should be supplied by a steam bath and precautions taken to prevent overheating. The commercial material contains some odoriferous sulfur compounds which may be removed by successive treatment with mercury, mercuric chloride solution, and permanganate solution, and then washing with water, drying over phosphorus pentoxide, and distilling. ... 

CARBON DISULFIDE or CARBON DISULPHIDE (75-15-0) CSj Extremely flammable extremely low ignition temperature makes it very dangerous. Forms explosive mixture with air [explosion limits in air (vol %) 1.3 to 50 flash point -22°F/-30°C autoignition temp 194°F/90°C Fire Rating 3]. Highly reactive substance. Shock, friction, or concussion can cause explosive decomposition. Contact with... 

---