1 Carbon dioxide mercaptans

ZeoHte-based materials are extremely versatile uses include detergent manufacture, ion-exchange resins (ie, water softeners), catalytic appHcations in the petroleum industry, separation processes (ie, molecular sieves), and as an adsorbent for water, carbon dioxide, mercaptans, and hydrogen sulfide. 

Telomerization Reactions. Butadiene can react readily with a number of chain-transfer agents to undergo telomerization reactions. The more often studied reagents are carbon dioxide (167—178), water (179—181), ammonia (182), alcohols (183—185), amines (186), acetic acid (187), water and CO2 (188), ammonia and CO2 (189), epoxide and CO2 (190), mercaptans (191), and other systems (171). These reactions have been widely studied and used in making unsaturated lactones, alcohols, amines, ethers, esters, and many other compounds. 

For example, carbon dioxide from air or ethene nitrogen oxides from nitrogen methanol from diethyl ether. In general, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, ethane, ethene, acetylene (ethyne), propane and propylene are readily removed at 25°. In mixtures of gases, the more polar ones are preferentially adsorbed). 

Butyl ether Butyl carbitol /i-Butyl glycidyl ether Butyl mercaptan p-tert-Butyltoluene Carbon disulphide Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Carbon tetrachloride Carbonyl sulphide Carbary ... 

Fire Hazards - Flash Point (deg. F) 203 OC Flammable limits in Air (%) 3 - 6.3 Fire Extinguishing Agents Water, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide Fire Extinguishing Agems Not to be Used Not pertinent Special Hazards of Combustion Products Sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, and methyl mercaptan may form Behavior in Fire Not pertinent Ignition Temperature (deg. F) 572 Electrical Hazard Not pertinent Burning Rate 2.0 mm/min. 

Molecular sieves (dehydrated zeolite) purify petroleum products with their strong affinity for polar compounds such as water, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and mercaptans. The petroleum product is passed through the sieve until the impurity is sufficiently removed after which the sieve may be regenerated by heating to 400 - bOO F. 

In addition to heavy hydrocarbons and water vapor, natural gas often contains other contaminants that may have to be removed. Carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and other sulfur compounds such as mercaptans are compounds that may require complete or partial removal for acceptance by a gas purchaser. These compounds are known as acid gases. H2S combined with water forms a weak form of sulfuric acid, while CO2 and water forms carbonic acid, thus the term acid gas. ... 

The gas plant products, namely fuel gas, Cfs, 4, and gasoline, contain sulfur compounds that require treatment. Impurities in the gas plant products are acidic in nature. Examples include hydrogen sulfide (HjS), carbon dioxide (COj), mercaptan (R-SH), phenol (ArOH), and naphthenic acids (R-COOH). Carbonyl and elemental sulfur may also be present in the above streams. These compounds are acidic. 

Adip [Possibly an acronym of DIPA, di-isopropanolamine] A process for removing hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, carbonyl sulfide, and carbon dioxide from refinery streams by extraction into an aqueous solution of di-isopropanolamine or methyl diethanolamine. Developed and licensed by the Shell Oil Company, Houston, TX. More than 320 units were operating in 1992. 

Lacy-Keller A process for removing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from natural gas by absorption in a proprietary solution. Elemental sulfur precipitates as a colloid and is separated from the solution by means of an electrolytic flotation cell. The process does not remove carbon dioxide. 

SulfaTreat A process for removing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from natural gas or carbon dioxide streams, using a proprietary solid absorbent, which is subsequently dumped. Over 600 plants were in operation or planned in 1996. Licensed by Gas Sweetner Associates. 

Although the major constituent of natural gas is methane, there are components such as carbon dioxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and mercaptans (thiols R-SH), as well as trace amounts of sundry other emissions. The fact that methane has a foreseen and valuable end use makes it a desirable product, but in several other situations it is considered a pollutant, having been identified as one of several greenhouse gases. 

METHANESULFONIC ACID METHYL MERCAPTAN METHYL CHLOROSILANE METHYLAMINE METHYL SILANE TETRANITROMETHANE CARBON MONOXIDE CARBONYL SULFIDE CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DISULFIDE BROMOTRIFLUOROETHYLENE... 

Soil. Hydrolyzes in soil forming ethyl mercaptan, carbon dioxide, and dialkylamine (half-life approximately 2-5 wk) (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). At recommended rates of application, the half-life of molinate in moist loam soils at 21-27 °C was approximately 3 wk (Humburg et al., 1989). Rajagopal et al. (1984) reported that under flooded conditions, molinate was hydroxylated at the 3- and 4-position with subsequent oxidation forming many compounds including molinate sulfoxide, carboxymethyl molinate, hexahydroazepine-l-carbothioate, 4-hydroxymolinate, 4-hy-droxymolinate sulfoxide, hexahydroazepine, 5-methyl hexahydroazepine-l-carbothioate, 4-keto-molinate, 4-hydroxyhexahydroazepine, 4-hydroxy-Wacetyl-hexahydroazepine, carbon dioxide, and bound residues. 

CASRN 1114-71-2 molecular formula C10H21NOS FW 203.36 Soil. Pebulate rapidly degrades in soil forming carbon dioxide, ethylbutylamine, and a mercaptan (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). The half-life in a moist loam soil at 21-27 °C was approximately 2 wk (Humburg et al., 1989). 

Tirey et al. (1993) evaluated the degradation of phorate at three different temperatures. When oxidized at temperatures of 200, 250, and 275 °C, the following reaction products were identified by GC/MS ethanol, ethanethiol, methyl mercaptan, 1,2,4-trithiolane, 1,1-thiobisethane, 1,1 -(methylenebis(thio))bisethane, 1,3,5-trithiane, 0,0-diethyl-5-pentenyl phosphorodithioic acid, ethylthioacetic acid, diethyl disulfide, 2,2 -dithiobisethanol, ethyl-(1-methylpropyl) disulfide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfuric acid, and phosphine. 

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