Carbon autoradiography

Hamilton, P.B., G.S. Jackson, N.K. Kaushik, and K.R. Solomon. 1987. The impact of atrazine on lake periphyton communities, including carbon uptake dynamics using track autoradiography. Environ. Pollut. 46 83-103. 

Bergman K. 1979. Whole-body autoradiography and allied tracer techniques in distribution and elimination studies of some organic solvents. Benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene. Scand J Work Environ Health 5(Suppl 1) 263. 

Unlike saturated FAs, carbon-labeled polyunsaturated arachidonate and docosahexaenoate can be used with autoradiography or PET scanning without the inhibitor, because they are minimally oxidized (Osmundsen, Cervenka, Bremer, 1982) only 15% of their label is found in the brain nonvolatile aqueous compartment 20 min after an intravenous injection. [ H]Arachidonate or [ Hjdocosahexaenoate produce only 10% nonvolatile aqueous background activity. 

Bergman K, Danielsson BR, dArgy R. 1984. Tissue disposition of carbon disulfide I. Whole-body autoradiography of 35S- and 14C-labelled carbon disulfide in adult male mice. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol... 

The PET studies with carbon-11 carfentanil derived from the study in 1973 by Pert, Snyder, and colleagues at Johns Hopkins who used autoradiography with C-14-labeled drugs to localize opiate receptors in the rat brain (Science, March 9, 1973). Two other research groups—one group led by Dr. Eric J. Simon at New York University and the other by Dr. Lars Terenius at Uppsala University in Sweden—reported within a short time that brain cells had membrane receptors that seemed tailor-made to latch onto opiates like morphine. The opiates exert their effect on the brain by binding to those receptors. 

Mehta BM, Levchenko A, Rosa E, Kim SW, Winnick S, Zhang JJ et al. Evaluation of carbon-14-colchicine biodistribution with whole-body quantitative autoradiography in colchicine-sensitive and -resistant xenografts. J Nucl Med 1996 37 312-314. 

Figure 1. S-labeled protein and immunoblot analysis of protein fractions from CC-400 cells. Labeled cells were subjected to SDS-PAGE and autoradiography (Figure lA) or blotted and probed with an antibody raised against the periplasmic carbonic anhydrase (Figure IB). In lanes 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 are from cells grown on high CO2, while lanes 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 were from cells grown on low CO2. Lanes 1 and 2, low speed membrane fraction lanes 3 and 4, high speed membrane fraction lanes 5 and 6, intracellular soluble protein fraction lanes 7 and 8, total cellular protein fraction lanes 9 and 10, extracellular protein fraction.

Whole body autoradiography may also be used to expose differences in distribution after different routes of administration. Qoforex (ethyl-A-(2-/>-chlorphenyl-l,l-dimethyl) carbonate) is a drug structurally related to a series of nuclear substituted phenylalkylamines of which amphetamine is the parent compound. It has potent appetite-depressing properties and has been widely used in the treatment of obesity. Compounds used for obesity, how-... 

The ultimate fate of plutonium that is not excreted promptly after administration or ingestion is deposition in the bone and other mineralized tissues. Whether the mineralization is phosphate- or carbonate-based appears to be immaterial. In cartilaginous fish, plutonium is concentrated in the skeleton to a significant extent, and in fish with a bony skeleton, the plutonium concentration in the soft tissues may be less than 1 % of that in the skeleton. The uptake of actinide elements from the body fluids by bone is a slow process, because of the strong binding of plutonium by transferrin. Autoradiography of bone shows quite different patterns of deposition for plutonium and ameridum compared to the deposition of radioactive caldum. Caldum deposition is uniform, whereas actinide deposition is irregular. The lack of uniformity in the distribution of the actinides deposited in bone may be related to variations in the pH of the bone surface, or to different concentrations of dtrate ion at different locations on the bone surface. 

The neutron autoradiography technique, which was said to allow measuring boron concentrations 5 1 ppm in massive samples, was used to measure boron concentrations along the carbon gradient of a carburized B-Fe alloy [1978Cam], A new analytical method based on the spectral lines was used for accurate determination of B in B-C-Fe alloys [1975Tve],... 

---