Carbohydrates glucose

The Latin word for sugar is saccharum and the derived term saccharide is the basis of a system of carbohydrate classification A monosaccharide is a simple carbohydrate one that on attempted hydrolysis is not cleaved to smaller carbohydrates Glucose (C6H12O6)... 

Regulation of Pyruvate Carboxylase The carboxy-lation of pyruvate by pyruvate carboxylase occurs at a very low rate unless acetyl-CoA, a positive allosteric modulator, is present. If you have just eaten a meal rich in fatty acids (tri-acylglycerols) but low in carbohydrates (glucose), how does this regulatory property shut down the oxidation of glucose to C02 and H20 but increase the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from fatty acids ... 

Carbohydrates Glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, galactose, maltose, oligosaccharides, starches, gums... 

Haemoglobin (a compound of iron and proteins) buffers the blood system using the proteins present. This is essential for controlling the pH of the blood, which is necessary due to the uptake of acidic C02 gas formed when cells use carbohydrates, glucose, to give energy. 

These compounds illustrate the structural diversity of carbohydrates. Glucose is the most common simple sugar, whereas cellulose, which comprises wood, piant stems, and grass, is the most common carbohydrate in the piant world. Doxorubicin, an anticancer drug that has a carbohydrate ring as part of its structure, has been used in the treatment of ieukemia, Hodgkin s disease, and cancers of the breast, biadder, and ovaries. 2 -Deoxyadenosine 5 -monophosphate is one of the four nucieotides that form DNA. 

Although many vitamins may be administered as a single dose at various time intervals, many of the patient s requirements will be found in what is basically an emulsion formulation, prepared aseptically and thus with no terminal sterilization. The product usually contains both essential and non-essential amino acids rather than fully formed protein and energy is provided at a ratio of 0.6-1.1 MJ per gram of protein nitrogen. A mixture of carbohydrate (glucose) and fat (as an emulsion) provides the energy. Electrolytes, trace elements and vitamins are included as required. Thus the TPN fluid is... 

Although the carbohydrate glucose or its polymer glycogen is regarded as the fundamental fuel or nutrient, other carbohydrates may be involved, even nitrogen-containing amines, or amino acids. Thus, for example, there is the role of glutamine,... 

FIGURE 3 Chemical structures of important carbohydrates. Glucose (left), cellulose (upper right), and chitin (lower right). 

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