Carbohydrates caramel color

Caramel colors E150a-d Yes Food-grade carbohydrates brown 5L... 

Caramel color can be produced from a variety of carbohydrate sources, but usually com sugar syrup is used. Com starch is first hydrolyzed with acid to a DE of 8 to 9, followed by hydrolysis with bacterial a-amylase to a DE of 12 to 14, then with fungal amyloglucosi-dase up to a DE of 90 to 95. Several types of caramel are produced. The largest amount is... 

Caramel. Officially, the color additive caramel is the dark brown Hquid or soHd material resulting from the carefully controlled heat treatment of the following food-grade carbohydrates dextrose, invert sugar, lactose, malt symp, molasses, starch hydrolysates and fractions thereof, or sucrose. Practically speaking, caramel is burned sugar. 

Caramel is unintentionally generated in burnt carbohydrate foods (rice, oatmeal, cornmeal, etc.) and molasses (Kowkabany et al., 1953) it is the source of maple flavor and color in the concentration of maple sap to maple syrup (Stinson and Willits, 1965). In industrial manufacturing, the intended application is taken into account, because reaction conditions help determine the properties of the pyrolysate, e.g., its tinctorial value, water solubility, and alcohol stability. Tinctorial value refers to the absorbance at 560 nm of a 0.1-wt/vol% solution in a 1-cm cell. Tinctorial strength increases with acidity, temperature, and duration of heating. Caramel manufactured above pH 6.3 is biologically unstable and much below pH 3.1, it is a resin. 

Cornel in low concentration gives a stable and intense yellow color. Therefore, it was proposed as a color compatible with Yellow No. 5 (tartra-zine) for nontransparent drinks, The wide range of shades of color of caramel has attract the attention of other industries. Thus, coatings and other articles having a cork-like appearance are manufactured from thermoplastic resins colored with caiamel. Coloring of polyethylene terephtha-late with caramel was also patented. Caramel may be formed in situ from carbohydrates in the presence of antimonous oxide as the catalyst the dark-brown polymer resulting is said to be nontoxic. ... 

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