Carbohydrates analogous structures

M. Murakami, K. Ikeda, and K. Achiwa, Chemoenzymatic synthesis of neuraminic acid analogs structurally varied at C-5 and C-9 as potential inhibitors of the sialidase from influenza vims, Carbohydr. Res., 280 (1996) 101-110. 

Synthesis of structures or analogous structures, including replacement of some, or all, of the methyl groups by hydrogen (i.e., conversion of alanines to glycines), and replacement of the carbohydrates in the glycoproteins by different carbohydrates or other substances. 

The most dubious approximation made in developing the mechanism was in describing the reaction intermediates and products as one species each, namely, A and A +i. Undoubtedly, the formose reaction is a complex network whose overall behavior is a function of the concentrations of many individual species. In fact, the formose product might be regarded as the carbohydrate analog of petroleum, in that it contains so many compounds of different molecular weight and isomeric structure. 

Detailed discussions of some of the remaining peaks in Figures 7 and 8 and in the mass spectra of 10a and the D20-exchanged analogs is of more interest to the mass spectrometrist than to the carbohydrate chemist. The probable origins of these peaks will be discussed here, however, because there will be occasions when the carbohydrate chemist must dig into a spectrum in order to satisfy himself that he has interpreted the spectrum in terms of a correct structure. 

Synthetically produced or modified carbohydrate-protein conjugates are sometimes referred to as neoglycoproteins. The nomenclature for the carbohydrate-containing substituents in such structures is analogous to sequential oligosaccharide nomenclature (2-Carb-37.2)... 

A. Dessen, D. Gupta, S. Sabesan, C. F. Brewer, and J. C. Sacchettini, X-ray crystal structure of the soybean agglutinin crosslinked with a biantennary analog of the blood group I carbohydrate antigen, Biochemistry, 34 (1995) 4933 1-942. 

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