Carbohydrate Structure Suite

Consortium for Functional Glycomics Carbohydrate structure suite (CSS) Glycosdences, tools ... 

The diverse carbohydrate structures displayed on cell surfaces are well suited to serve as interaction sites between cells and their environments. Proteins termed lectins (from the Latin legere, "to select") are the partners that bind specific carbohydrate structures. Lectins are ubiquitous, being found in animals, plants, and microorganisms. We have already seen that some lectins, such as calnexin, function as chaperones in protein folding (Section 11.3.6). 

The diverse carbohydrate structures displayed on cell surfaces are well suited to serve as interaction sites between cells and their environments. Proteins termed lectins (from the Latin legere, to select ) are the partners... 

Aldoses exist almost exclusively as their cyclic hemiacetals very little of the open chain form is present at equilibrium To understand their structures and chemical reac tions we need to be able to translate Fischer projections of carbohydrates into their cyclic hemiacetal forms Consider first cyclic hemiacetal formation m d erythrose To visualize furanose nng formation more clearly redraw the Fischer projection m a form more suited to cyclization being careful to maintain the stereochemistry at each chirality center... 

Because of their size and complexity, the analysis of the sequences and structures of proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates represent a major informational challenge. They are, however, ideally suited to the use of database techniques,... 

CE is an analytical separation technique capable of high-resolution separation of a diverse range of chemical compounds and is therefore well suited for metabolomics.17,64 It is particularly suitable for the separation of polar and charged compounds and compounds with widely different structures, functional groups, physiochemical properties, and concentrations, for example, organic acids, amino acids, nucleic acids, steroids, carbohydrates, and flavonoids in various matrices. CE is complementary to GC and HPLC, and in many cases, samples that cannot be... 

The pr e-Woodwardhn era largely concerned itself with the collection and classification of synthetic tools chemical reactions suited to broad application to the constitutional construction of molecular skeletons (including Kiliani s chain-extension of aldoses, reactions of the aldol type, and cycloadditions of the Diels-Alder type). The pre- Woodwardian era is dominated by two synthetic chemists Emil Fischer and Robert Robinson. Emil Fischer was emphasizing the importance of synthetic chemistry in biology as early as 1907 [30]. He was probably the first to make productive use of the three-dimensional structures of organic molecules, in the interpretation of isomerism phenomena in carbohydrates with the aid of the Van t Hoff and Le Bel tetrahedron model (cf. family tree of aldoses in Scheme 1-6), and in the explanation of the action of an enzyme on a substrate, which assumes that the complementarily fitting surfaces of the mutually dependent partners are noncovalently bound for a little while to one another (shape complementarity) [31],... 

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