Carbaryl harvesters

Dikshit AK, Misra SS. 1985. Residues of endosulfan and carbaryl in potato tubers at harvest and after storage. Indian Journal of Plant Protection 13 105-108. 

Among the agricultural chemicals used for the cultivation of tobacco crops we find several amines, amides and carbamates. These include dimethyldodecylamine acetate (Penar), maleic hydra-zide-diethanolamine (MH-30), and carbaryl (Sevin) as a representative of the methyl urethanes (Figure 3 , 14), It is known that small quantities of these agents are found as residues in harvested tobacco (15). To date, only diethanolamine (DELA), the water-solubilizer for maleic hydrazide in MH-30, has been studied as a possible precursor for nitrosamines in tobacco and in tobacco smoke. In 1976, more than 1,400 metric tons of maleic hydrazide had been used on U.S. tobacco (16), most of which had been applied as the MH-30 formulation with diethanolamine (14,16). 

A very advantageous property of carbaryl, compared with other carbamic acid esters, is its low toxicity to warm-blooded organisms. Its oral acute ld,q value for rats is 400-600 mg/kg. The prescribed pre-harvest interval is in general 7 days and permissible residue values are about 3 ppm. 

Dermal exposure to captan and benomyl by strawberry harvesters has been the subject of several previous studies (1.2.3). This field study was designed to test a number of hypotheses and the reproducibility of dermal exposure rate measurements taken under field conditions. Most of our past studies have not been designed for a particular pesticide but were modified to accommodate the pesticide chosen by the grower to control a certain pest. In this case, the pesticide was carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) an insecticide used to control the spittlebug and leafroller. Our results could then he compared with those obtained by Maitlen and co-workers (A) who studied workers exposed to carbaryl in an apple orchard. Furthermore, attempts will be made to test possible positive correlations between age and dermal dose rate versus productivity and dermal dose rate versus age of harvesters. Difference of dermal exposure due to age or... 

Description of Field Study. The study was conducted on a privately owned strawberry farm near Corvallis, Oregon during three consecutive days in June, 1982. The field had been sprayed with 2 lbs a.i./A of carbaryl 15 days prior to the first day of the study. Eighteen strawberry harvesters volunteered to participate in the study their personal characteristics and work efficiency are listed in Table I. 

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