Candidate for investigation

In recent years, increasing attention has been focused on proteins derived from extreme thermophylic bacteria (Daniel and Cowan, 2000 Vetriani et al., 1998 Jaenicke, 1996 1998, 2000 Adams and Kelly, 2001 and references therein). The increasing use of these proteins in biotechnology has given new impetus to studies focused on their structure and stability. At the same time, thermostable proteins prove challenging as the ideal candidates for investigating the relationships between the structure and intramolecular dynamics of the enzyme on the one hand, and their function and stability on the other. 

The detection and measurement through photoemission spectroscopy of the single particle excitation associated with surface valence electron states is made difficult by the accompanying spectrum of the bulk material. When there is a gap in the bulk density of states at e, as in insulators and semiconductors, there is the possibility of observing surface states which lie in the gap. UPS has been used to observe such states in Si (60). It is practicable also to search for these states in metals at energies where the densities of bulk valence states are low or relatively structureless. Some suitable candidates for investigation should be the transition metals Ti, Zr, Hf, Cr, Mo, and W, which have low q(e) in the vicinity... 

The Mpller—Plesset perturbation theory will be employed in this paper to investigate the mixture methane/water. We selected this mixture because it is an ideal candidate for investigating the hydrophobic hydration. The mixture methane/water has also importance in understanding the structure and intermolecular interactions of the methane hydrates, though the specifics of these hydrates will not be addressed in this paper. These hydrates constitute a major potential fuel reserve. 

Transition metal carbonyls such as Co2(CO)8 and CoH(CO)4, formed in the reaction of R3SiH with dimer (but also Fe(CO)5 and M3(CO)i2 (M = Fe, Ru, Os)) have been found to be active catalysts for the hydrosilylation of olefins, dienes, unsaturated nitriles, and esters as well as for hydrosilylation C=0 and C=N bonds [56]. Hydrosilylation of phenylthioacetylenes in the presence of this catalyst is extremely regioselective [57]. Cobalt(I) complexes, e. g., CoH(X)2L3 (X = H, N), could be prospective candidates for investigation of the effectiveness of alkene hydrosilylation by trialkoxysilanes as well as dehydro-genative silylation [58]. Direct evidence for the silyl migration mechanism operative in a catalytic hydrosilylation pathway was presented by Brookhart and Grant [59] using the electrophilic Co cationic complex. 

In contrast to classical GC, IGC probes the stationary phase, in this case a coal, by determining the retention volume of known compounds. The term inverse chromatography was first applied by Davis and Peterson (2), who utilized IGC to determine of the degree of oxidation of asphalt. In later work, the experiments were extended to include measurements of thermodynamic properties (8). Because of their results with oxidized asphalt, IGC may be a good candidate for investigating coals. 

While there are many natural products that are either NRPS or PKS derived, there are multidomain megasynthases that contain both NRPS and PKS biosynthetic features. Examples of such biosynthetic motifs are epothilone, jamaicamide, and the endiyne C-1027.33-35 At NRPS-PKS interfaces in these systems, the condensation of malonyl takes place with an amino acid that was activated by an A domain. Alternatively, an amino acid loaded on a T domain condenses with an elongating polyketide. Since the substrates and intermediates in NRPS, PKS, or hybrid NRPS/PKS biosynthesis introduce mass changes on T domains, they are ideal candidates for investigation by MS. 

A controversy currently abroad in the field seems a particularly likely candidate for investigations using model reactions. A number of bacterial alcohol dehydrogenases make use of free-standing PQQ (see Fig. 4.3 for the structure) as a cofactor. Figure 4.8 shows two possible mechanisms for a critical step in the mechanism the question is whether the reaction follows a proton-transfer route or a hydride-transfer route [69, 70]. The question is essentially limited to the alcohol and sugar dehydrogenases, while the enzymes that catalyze amine oxidations tend... 

Being generally weakly nonlinear, adsorption systems make good candidates for investigation by means of nonlinear FR. As it will be shown further in the text, the nonlinear FR method enables identification of the kinetic mechanism and estimation of both equilibrium and kinetic parameters from the same experimental data. 

In order to address the question of whether or not the specific side chain conformation influences the main chain conformation, cylindrical brush polymers with poly-L-lysine (PLL) side chains were synthesized [88], Here, we will discussed in some detail the cylindrical brush sample CB-PLL55, which comprises 960 main chain repeat units and an average of 55 lysine repeat units in one side chain sample. Typically, PLL forms a random coil in aqueous solution In aqueous 0.5 M NaC104 solution, however, it is known to adopt one of the most prominent structures of polypeptides an a-helix (see also Sect 6.1) [89]. Upon reduction of the charge density by changing the pH to >9.8 and/or increasing the temperature or by addition of surfactant, a p-sheet structure is favored. Thus, cylindrical brushes with PLL side chains seemed to be ideal candidates for investigating the influence of a coil to a-helix to p-sheet transitimi of the side chains on the main chain conformation. Indeed, circular dichroism (CD) measurements confirmed that all three side chain conformations also occur in the side chains of cylindrical brush polymers (Fig. 18). 

Incidents include near misses and accidents. Accidents result in loss. Near misses result in no loss. The purpose of any incident investigation is to determine cause(s). As already mentioned, the circumstances differentiating a near miss from a loss-producing incident or accident may be merely a matter of chance therefore, all incidents can be considered candidates for investigation, since correcting the contributing circumstances may help prevent future incidents. 

Mixed polyion/surfactant films appear to be ripe for further investigation. Parameters such as polyion molecular weight, structure, and charge density are obvious candidates for investigation, as well as variation in the surfactants themselves. It is to be hoped that such studies will include properties of actual foams. 

The use of different types of pofymers could offer an interesting way to combine the protective function of the polymer with the control of the selectivity of various catalytic reactions. In this context, polyelectrolytes or chiral polymers, for instance, are very interesting candidates for investigation. 

By slowing down the rapid-ligand exchange reactions common in Ag(I) chemistry it seemed likely that a silver complex could be designed that would no be precipitated by Cr and thus might have in vivo antibacterial and anticancer activity. Bis-chelated Ag(I) diphosphine complexes appeared to be good candidates for investigation. 

The behavior of a system close to a critical point or to a second order phase transition depends on the spatial dimensionality. Smectic liquid crystals can easily be formed into thin films freely suspended on a frame, and are thus good candidates for investigating the thermodynamic behavior in a reduced dimensionality. As for the phase transitions concerned, on the one hand, the role of fluctuations is expected to become more and more important and to lead, therefore, to a destabilization of the more ordered... 

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