Calcium-hydrogen chloride complexes

Basic lead phosphite, 2PbO PbHP03, is used in formulations to stabilise polyvinyl plastics against oxidation and to prevent discolouration. If hydrogen chloride is passed over dry lead or calcium phosphites, the addition complexes MHPO3 2HC1 are formed. 

Mixed metal stabilizers are the salts of long chain carboxylic acids, also addressed as metal soaps. Actually, the hydrogen chloride evolved in the course of degradation of PVC is scavenged by the addition of metal soaps in the same sense as a buffer substance acts in ordinary acid base chemistry. However, the action is more complicated, as the affectivity is dependent on the nature of the metal ion. Moreover, synergistic effects using tin or cadmium, together with barium or calcium salts, have been observed. This behavior is attributed to the formation of complexes. 

The hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups are not involved in the formation of metal complexes. At least one of them can be replaced by a methyl group. Methyl a-D-allopyranoside shows downfield shifts in its NMR spectrum similar to those of a-D-allopyranose on addition of calcium chloride it seems to complex to a similar extent. One feature of this NMR spectrum is that the H-2 triplet, hidden among the other protons in the uncomplexed state, appears at calcium concentrations over 1.5M. This is one of several cases where complex formation reveals details of NMR spectra or improves resolution by separating the signals of protons from each other. 

Titanium cesium alum, 6 50 Titanium (II) chloride from disproportionation of titanium (III) chloride, 6 56, 61 Titanium(III) chloride, 6 52, 57 Titanium (IV) chloride, reduction of, with hydrogen, 6 52, 57 Titanium complex compounds, cations, with acetylacetone, [Ti-(C.H. hTiCl, and [Ti(C6H7-0,),]FeCl , 2 119, 120 Titanium(IV) oxide, extraction of, from ilmenite, 5 79, 81 to titanium powder with calcium, 6 47... 

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