Caira studies

X-ray crystallography should be the ultimate tool for understanding crystalline complex structures. Many crystalline structures of complexes formed by natural CDs have been reported (Connors, 1997 Caira et al., 1999). This technique is less useful for studying complexes formed with CD derivative since almost all the complexes formed with water-soluble CD derivatives are amorphous. 

Caffrey M (1989) Structural, Mesomorphic and Time-Resolved Studies of Biological Liquid Crystals and Lipid Membranes Using Synchrotron X-Radiation. 151 75-109 Caira MR (1998) Crystalline Polymorphism of Organic Compounds. 198 163-208 Caminade A-M,see Majoral J-P (1998) 197 79-124 Campagna S, see Venturi M (1998) 197 193 - 228 Campobasso N, see Begley TP (1998) 195 93-142 CanceRl J, see Collet A (1993) 165 103-129 Carbd R, see Besalu E (1995) 173 31-62... 

The identification, structural and thermal characterization of new polymorphs is an important topic in solid-state chemistry and requires a battery of techniques that includes X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods, in addition to thermal analysis methods and dissolution techniques to determine solubility trends. Such studies are described by Caira in Chapter 16, as well as more recent theoretical techniques aimed at the prediction of the crystal structures of new polymorphs. Crystal polymorphism is particularly important in pharmaceutical products, so there is an emphasis on this area. Systems displaying solvatomorphism (the ability of a substance to exist in two or more crystalline phases arising from differences in their solvation states) molecular inclusion and isostructurality (the inverse of polymorphism) are also given due attention in this chapter. 

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