Caesium-137, radiation from

Evaluation of the doses of radiation from caesium-137 deposited on the ground Cground-shine dose)... 

Xu, C. Yuan, L. Y. Shen, X. H. Zhai, M. L. (2010). Efficient removal of caesium ions from aqueous solution using a calix crown ether in ionic hquids mechanism and radiation effect. Dalton Trans., 39,3897-390Z... 

However from 1999 till our days, a series of ravishment of ionizing radiation sources occurred on the territory of the district, and in the first place in the town of Krivoi Rog. From 1994 to 1998 only three such incidents were registered in the district, while in 1999 - five, three of which were connected to ravishment. It should be noted that all the stolen sources were of radionuclides caesium - 137. 

Krause et a/.123-125 have recently reported a series of measurements of the spin-orbit relaxation of the alkali metals in their first excited states (2P). The technique, for example for atomic caesium with AE = 554 cm-1, consists of irradiating the metal vapour with light from a monochromator to excite only one of the 2P states. The vapour pressure of the metal is controlled at 10-6 torr to avoid imprisonment of the resonance radiation. The components of the fluorescence light are measured with a photomultiplier by isolating the 2P - 2S lines with interference filters. In the presence of added gases which cause the transitions... 

In 1993, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) brought into use a caesium-based atomic clock called NIST-7 which kept international standard time to within one second in 10 years the system depends upon repeated transitions from the ground to a specific excited state of atomic Cs, and the monitoring of the frequency of the electromagnetic radiation emitted. 

British) Medical Research Council papers from its Committee on Protection Against Ionizing Radiations, as follows Maximum permissible dietary contamination after the accidental release of radioactive material from a nuclear reactor. Brit. Med. J. 1,967-969 (1959) Maximum permissible contamination of respirable air after an accidental release of radioiodine, radiostrontium and caesium 137. Brit. Med. J. ii, 576-579 (1961) Report on emergency exposure to external radiation, in Hazards to Man of Nuclear and Allied Radiations, Appendix K, Cmnd 1225, HM Stationery Office, London, I960. 

Federal Radiation Council, Background Material for the Development of Radiation Protection Standards, Rep. No. 5 (1964) Background Material for the Development of Radiation Protection Standards Protective Action Guides for strontium 89, strontium 90 and caesium 137, Rep. No. 7 (1965). Both from U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, DC. 

For contamination deriving from an accident to a reactor, the radiation doses from the ground due to caesium-137 are generally more important than the contribution of other isotopes. 

Radiometric level control contactless binary or analogous level control. Vessel and medium are trans-iUuminated by a caesium source. The fill level can be deduced from the radiation intensity established by the oppositely arranged receiver. Ideal for difficult media, however, an approval application has to be filed for the procurement, and the operation requires the existence of a radiation protection officer. 

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