Cadmium interactions

Exon JH, Roller LD, Kerkvliet NI. 1979. Lead-cadmium interaction Effects on viral-induced mortality and tissue residues in mice. Arch Environ Health 34 469-475. 

Giesy JP (1980) Cadmium interactions with naturally occuring ligands. In Nriagu JC (ed) Biogeochemistry of cadmium, pt. 1. Wiley, New York, pp 237-256... 

Toxicity due to insufficient MTs depends on factors such as age, gender, and health status. Young mice were found to have a fourfold greater accumulation of cadmium in their brains than adult mice, and significantly less metallothionein. Because cadmium interacts with calcium, women may lose cellular calcium. Diabetics experience glomeral damage and greater sensitivity. 

However, if the cadmium-nickel interaction is beneficial for cadmium deposition, the cadmium-cadmium interaction has a harmful influence. It was proposed that when a metal ion M is deposited as a submonolayer, the activity of the reductant should be less than 1 and would vary with the surface coverage [238]. 

Franklin, N.M., C.N. Glover, J.A. Nicol, et al. 2005. Calcium/cadmium interactions at uptake surfaces in rainbow trout Waterborne versus dietary routes of exposure. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 24 2954-2964. 

The severe bone demineralization observed in elderly women with low calcium intake and many years of exposure to cadmium suggests a calcium-cadmium interaction. In a variety of studies it has been shown that low calcium intake increases cadmium absorption. 

Casswall TH, Bjorndahl L, Kvist U (1987) Cadmium interacts with the zinc-dependent stability of the human sperm chromatin. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis 1 85-87... 

Osteomalacia and osteoporosis are reported primarily in patients (95% females) with itai-itai disease, and osteomalacia has been observed in cadmium industry workers, the majority of whom are male (Goyer 1991). While the mechanisms for these effects are not well known, cadmium disruption of calcium metabolism may be important. One of the manifestations of renal injury in cadmium-exposed populations is calcuria and negative calcium balance. It is not clear whether these effects on calcium metabolism occur secondary to renal injury, or whether there is a direct effect on calcium pathways (see discussion of calmodulin-calcium-cadmium interactions in Sect. B.I). 

Further study of the zinc-cadmium interaction indicated that a more drastic reduction in the frequency of brain defects could be accomplished if supplementary zinc was injected at 8-11 h after the cadmium injection (Table 2). Under these conditions, the frequency of eye defects was reduced to the level characteristic for BIO mice. Comparison of data obtained when all of the zinc supplement was provided at 8 h post-cadmium injection with data... 

Estimated precision is the same as of eq. (10), i.e., 0.16, but, as expected, the coefficients are slightly higher and reflect the extra-contribution of the nucleobase/cadmium interaction to the overall stability of CdL species. 

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