Cadmium complexes, molecular

Cadmium. Selenium can antagonize the nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of cadmium in rats (Flora et al. 1982 Lindh et al. 1996 Nehru and Bansal 1996 Stajn et al. 1997), the inflammation, atrophy, and necrosis induced by cadmium in testes of rats (Jones et al. 1997 Mason and Young 1967 Ohta and Imamiya 1986 Wlodarczyk et al. 1995 Yiin et al. 1999), and the cardiotoxicity of cadmium in rats (Jamall et al. 1989). The protective effects are thought to occur as a result of the formation of a selenium-cadmium complex of high molecular weight (Chen et al. 1975 Jamall et al. 1989 Jamba et al. 1997 Ohta and Imamiya 1986). 

Niacin and niacinamide (also known as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, respectively) or vitamin B3, chemically 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid and 3-pyridinecarboxamide, are able to form various cadmium complexes with known crystal and molecular structures. In order to rationalize the analysis, hereafter the complexes have been differentiated according to the ligand and, within each case, we have only considered the most relevant structures. 

Recently, our group has reported the synthesis of CdTe nanorods using solvothermal route from two different single source molecular precursors and their subsequent characterization by XRD and SEM [271], Initially, the single source molecular precursor Cadmium complex of bis-(aminopropyl) telluride has been prepared as per the scheme shown below (Fig. 6) ... 

To increase precursor volatility, interest focused on using ligands of considerable bulk to reduce the degree of molecular association. This was of limited success, with mercury proving to be an exception. Bradley and Kunchur218 reported that Hg(SBu )2 has only weak intermolecular interactions and occurs as discrete Hg(SR)2 units even in the solid state. Other attempts to prepare complexes of zinc or cadmium with limited degrees of polymerization have been undertaken. 

RA and transmission techniques [3], and applied it to the studies of LB films of cadmium stearate [3], azobenzene-containing long-chain fatty acids and their barium salts [4], dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) [5], and polyion complexes [6]. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between the molecular orientation evaluated by this method and pyroelectricity in alternating (noncentrosymmetric) Y-type LB films consisting of a phenylpyrazine-containing long-chain fatty acid and deuterated stearic acid and of their barium salts [7]. 

At low temperatures in inert solvents (such as methylene dichloride) a controlled polymerization can be effected using various acids and alkylating agents. These initiators include boron trifluoride etherate, triethylaluminum, trityl hexachloroantimonate, triethylam-monium hexachloroantimonate, diethyloxonium hexafluoroantimonate, p-toluenesulfonic acid and diethylzinc or cadmium-1,2-dioI complexes. Crystalline, high molecular weight... 

Formation of [6 + 6] double helicates is possible, however, if terdentate metal binding domains are used. A six-coordinate metal ion may thus bind to one domain from each helicand ligand. The simplest example of such a ligand is the attractively named 2,2, 6, 2" 6",2" 6", 2"" 6"",2 ""-sexipyridine (10.120). In the presence of a wide variety of metal ions such as Cd2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+ a double helical 2 2 complex is formed. The X-ray molecular structure of the cadmium compound is shown in Figure 10.78.85... 

The pentafluorophenyl derivative (C6F5)2Cd is hydrolyzed by water to give the tetrameric cadmium hydroxide complex [(C6F5)Cd(/u-OH)]4 (equation 13). The molecular structure (10) of [(C6F5)Cd(/u-OH)]4 is based on a cube with the cadmium and oxygen atoms occupying the vertices. The hydroxy derivative is characterized by observation of a v(OH) band at 3640 cm. ... 

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