By extrusion

Oxiranes have been made by extrusion of nitrogen from oxadiazolenes (Scheme 81) (B-73MI50502), by flash thermolysis of dioxazolones (Scheme 82) (81JA5414), and (cc-lactones) by photolysis of l,2-dioxole-3,5-diones (Scheme 83) (73JOC2269). 

Oxidation of A-aminoazetidines (19), deoxygenation of A-nitrosoazetidines (20) and direct deamination of azetidines (21) with difluoroamine leads to cyclopropanes (23) by extrusion of nitrogen from a diazine intermediate (22) (63JA97). A further interesting ring contraction occurs in the Ag" catalysed solvolysis of the A-chloroazetidine (24), which appears to involve the intermediate cation (2S) (7ITLI09). 

Copper and Copper Alloys Seamless copper, bronze, brass, copper-nickel-aUoy, and copper-silicon-aUoy pipe and tubing are produced by extrusion. Tubing is available in outside-diameter sizes from Vi6 to 16 in and in a range of wall thicknesses varying from 0.005 in for the smallest tubing to 0.75 in for the 16-in size. Tubing is usually specified by outside diameter and wall thickness. 

Integral (or extruded). An aluminum outer tube from which fins have been formed by extrusion, mechanically bonded to an inner tube or liner. 

Pasty materials can often be preformed by extrusion to form sphaghetti-like pieces, about 6 mm in diameter and several centimeters long. 

In vacuum and blow forming, sheets produced by extrusion are shaped by vacuum or pressure forming. Heat-softened sheet is pressed into a mould by atmospheric pressure when a vacuum is created between the mould and the sheet. Fig. 24.4(a). Plastic bottles are made by blowing instead heated tube is clamped in a split mould and expanded with compressed air to take up its shape (Fig. 24.4b). Both methods are cheap and quick, and can be fairly accurate. 

Another example of static SIMS used in a more quantitative role is in the analysis of extmded polymer blends. The morphology of blended polymers processed by extrusion or molding can be affected by the melt temperature, and pressure, etc. The surface morphology can have an effect on the properties of the molded polymer. Adhesion, mechanical properties, and physical appearance are just a few properties affected by processing conditions. 

Deformation of a solution usually either by spreading or by extrusion as used in making cast film and certain synthetic fibres and filaments. 

Filament is prepared by extrusion followed by hot stretching. It may be used for brush bristles or for decorative purposes such as in the manufacture of woven lampshades. 

Upon application of the silicone by extrusion, moisture in the atmosphere comes into contact with the silicone surface. The hydrolysis of an acetoxy siloxy group of the diacetoxymethylsiloxy-endblocked-PDMS reactive polymer (II) proceeds and leads to a silanol-endblocked polymer as shown in Scheme 7, where OAc represents the acetoxy (CH3COO-) group. 

Sulfenyl chlondes react with allyl alcohols to yield allyl sulfenates, whtch are in equihbnum with the allyl sulfoxides [12] (equation 9a) These products can be oxidized to the corresponding sulfones (equation 9b) Pyrolysis of the sulfoxides gives sulfines or evidence for the presence of sulfmes Pyrolysis of sulfones leads to unsamrated compounds by extrusion of sulfur dioxide [12] (equation 9c)... 

Plastics and fibers have been produced from regenerated proteins obtained from a number of sources [17]. The process involves dispersing the proteins in dilute sodium hydroxide followed by extrusion through a spinneret into an acid bath to form the fibers that are then crosslinked with formaldehyde to improve strength. The fibers are used along with silk and wool. 

Blends of polypropylene (PP) and liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) processed without melting the LCP were compared with conventional melt processed blends. In a first stage, PP was blended with 20 wt% of LCP in a twin-screw extruder with the take-up speed varied to achieve blends with different LCP fiber dimensions. In the second stage, these blends were processed both below and above the Tm of the LCP by extrusion and injection molding. 

Table 5 compares the tensile properties of Vectra A950 in the form of dispersed fibers and droplets in the matrix by injection molding, microfibril by extrusion and drawing [28], injection molded pure thick sample and pure thin sample, and the pure drawn strand [28]. As exhibited, our calculated fiber modulus with its average of 24 GPa is much higher than that of the thick and thin pure TLCP samples injection molded. It can be explained that in cases of pure TLCP samples the material may only be fibrillated in a very thin skin layer owing to the excellent flow behavior in comparison with that in the blends. However, this modulus value is lower than that of the extruded and drawn pure strand. This can be... 

Because LDPE is flexible and transparent, it is mainly used to produce film and sheets. Eilms are usually produced by extrusion. Calendering is mainly used for sheeting and to a lesser extent for film production. 

Thermoplastic elastomers (TPES), as the name indicates, are plastic polymers with the physical properties of rubbers. They are soft, flexible, and possess the resilience needed of rubbers. However, they are processed like thermoplastics by extrusion and injection molding. 

Its malleability and ductility make it possible to produce zinc in sheet, strip and plate form by rolling and as rod and wire by extrusion continuous casting is also used. Rolled zinc in sheet and strip form is a well-established... 

Extruded/sintered polyethylene DIN 30670 DIN 30674 By extrusion or sintering in factory 1-8-3-5 Rugged, heavy coating. Limited track record. 

Thermoplastics which are used for corrosion protection can be applied in coatings as thin as 0.025 mm by solution techniques and in excess of 5 mm by extrusion or plastisol dipping. They are used where environmental resistance, chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, sound deadening or cushioning are required. They are used in those market areas that necessitate metallic mechanical strength plus thermoplastic corrosion resistance. 

The mix is formed by extrusion, moulding or hydrostatic pressing into a green artifact. 

As a result, the merits of fiber fillers for the manufacture of conducting composite materials by extrusion and injection moulding methods can be realized sufficiently. 

---